Infection

Question 1

How is oral herpes simplex managed?

Answer 1

• Oral Aciclovir

- Self care advice to avoid trigger factors and transmission

Question 2

How can HIV present?

Answer 2

• Lymphadenopathy
• Weight loss
• Mucocutaneous manifestations
• Fever, diarrhoea, candidiasis, TB and severe bacterial infections

Question 3

Name the commonest late stage AIDs infection and how is it treated?

Answer 3

• Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia
• Co-trimoxazole
• Pentamidine

Question 4

Which organism causes haemolytic uraemic syndrome?

Answer 4

E. coli O157

Question 5

How does haemolytic uraemic syndrome present?

Answer 5

• Renal failure
• Haemolytic anaemia
• Thrombocytopenia

Question 6

Name the four C’s that cause C diff infection

Answer 6

• Cephalosporins
• Co-amoxiclav
• Clindamycin
• Ciprofloxacin

Question 7

How can C diff infection be managed?

Answer 7

• Stop precipitating antibiotic
• Oral metronidazole
• Oral vancomycin if severe

Question 8

Name the species that cause malaria

Answer 8

• Plasmodium falciparum
• Plasmodium vivax
• Plasmodium ovale
• Plasmodium malariae
• Plasmodium knowlesi

Question 9

Name the complications of malaria

Answer 9

• Cerebral malaria
• Blackwater fever
• Pulmonary oedema
• Jaundice
• Severe anaemia
• Septicaemia

Question 10

How can P falciparum malaria be managed?

Answer 10

• Riamet
• Eurartesim
• Malarone
• Quinine
• Doxycycline

Question 11

How can the other types of malaria be managed?

Answer 11

• Chloroquine
• Riamet
• Primaquine

Question 12

How can meningitis be managed?

Answer 12

• IV ceftriaxone

- Dexamethasone

Question 13

How can a brain abscess be managed?

Answer 13

• Drain intracranial collection
• Antibiotics (ceftriaxone, metronidazole and vancomycin)
• Antifungals (if fungal infection)
• Dexamethasone
• Intubation and ventilation if seizing

Question 14

How can encephalitis be managed?

Answer 14

• Aciclovir
• Antibiotics for secondary infection
• Careful use of IV fluids
• ICU and ventilation

Question 15

Which infections can be commonly caused by Group A strep?

Answer 15

• Tonsillitis
• Pharyngitis
• Scarlet fever
• Impetigo
• Erysipelas
• Cellulitis
• Pneumonia

Question 16

Which virus causes infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever)?

Answer 16

EBV

Question 17

How does infectious mononucleosis present?

Answer 17

• Low grade fever and malaise
• Sore throat
• Macular rash
• Lymphadenopathy
• Mild hepatomegaly and splenomegaly

Question 18

How should infectious mononucleosis be managed?

Answer 18

• Avoid contact sports
• Paracetamol for analgesia and fever
• Avoid alcohol

Question 19

Which antibiotics can be used for staph aureus bacteraemia?

Answer 19

• Flucloxacillin
• Teicoplanin
• Linezolid
• Daptomycin

Question 20

How can toxic shock syndrome be managed?

Answer 20

• Remove sources of infection (tampons etc.)
• Aggressive haemodynamic resuscitation
• Manage glucose levels
• Antibiotics
• Steroids