Finals > Ophthalmology > Flashcards

Ophthalmology Flashcards

(19 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

How can acute red eye be investigated?

A
  • Visual acuity
  • Snellen chart
  • Fundoscopy
  • Fluroscene staining
  • Ophthalmoscopy
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2
Q

How can conjunctivitis be treated

A
  • Self care measures

- Topical antibiotics (chloramphenicol or fusidic acid)

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3
Q

How can allergic conjunctivitis be treated?

A
  • Avoid allergen
  • Topical antihistamine
  • Mast cell stabilisers
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4
Q

How can corneal abrasion be treated?

A
  • Topical antibiotics

- Analgesia

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5
Q

How does acute anterior uveitis present?

A
  • Pain
  • Watering
  • Photophobia
  • Blurred vision
  • Floaters
  • Red eye
  • Cells in the anterior chamber
  • Small irregular pupil
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6
Q

How can acute anterior uveitis be managed?

A
  • Topical steroids

- Dilating drops

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7
Q

How does scleritis present?

A
  • Pain
  • Redness
  • Nodule
  • Tender
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8
Q

How is scleritis managed?

A

Systemic steroids

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9
Q

How does acute angle closure present?

A
  • Pain
  • Redness
  • Blurred vision
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Hazy cornea
  • Fixed mid dilated pupil
  • Hard eyeball
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10
Q

How can acute angle closure glaucoma be managed?

A
  • Pilocarpine drops
  • Acetazolamide 500mg orally (reduces production of aqeous humour)
  • Analgesia
  • Anti-emetic
  • Laser iridotomy
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11
Q

How does orbital cellulitis present?

A
  • Pain
  • Redness
  • Blurred vision
  • Diplopia
  • Malaise
  • Pyrexia
  • Proptosis
  • Reduced eye movement
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12
Q

How can orbital cellulitis be managed?

A
  • Hospital admission
  • IV antibiotics
  • CT scan
  • Drainage of pus
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13
Q

How can primary open angle glaucoma be managed?

A
  • Eye drops to decrease IOP (prostaglandin analogues, beta blockers and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors)
  • Laser trabeculoplasty
  • Trabeculectomy surgery
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14
Q

How is angle closure glaucoma managed?

A
  • IV carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
  • Analgesics
  • Anti-emetics
  • Pilocarpine eye drops
  • Beta blocker eye drops
  • Steroid eye drops
  • Iridotomy
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15
Q

How can central retinal vein occlusion be managed?

A
  • Identify and treat risk factors

- Intravitreal anti VegF

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16
Q

How can dry age related macular degeneration be managed?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Low vision aids

- Registration

17
Q

How can wet age related macular degeneration be managed?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Intravitreal anti-vegf
  • Low vision aids
  • Registration
18
Q

What are the signs of diabetic retinopathy?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Microaneurysms
  • Retinal haemorrhages and exudates
  • Neovascularisation
19
Q

How can diabetic retinopathy be managed?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Intravitreal anti-vegf
  • Laser coagulation
  • Low vision aids
  • Registration
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