1
Q
What equipment would you take with you during a survey?
A
- Pen and paper
- Mobile/ Camera.
- file, plans, lease
- PPE
- Disto or tape measure.
2
Q
What do you need to consider before going to site to carry out an inspection?
A
- If I am competent to undertake inspection depending on the scope of service
- Check formal appointment has been agreed and signed.
- A risk assessment and method statement has be conducted
3
Q
what factors would you consider in terms of safety when going on site?
A
- PPE
- vacant or occupied
- construction site
- contamination
4
Q
How do you undertake an inspection?
A
- I prefer to undertake an inspection of a building from the top down.
- I normally walk around the building externally a couple of times to get my bearings and get an initial understanding of:-
o Indication of building’s age.
o Form of Construction.
o External condition
o External facilities
o Any defects that require further inspection - I then inspect internally and start from the top of the building and get an understanding of;
o Internal condition
o Internal facilities
o Any defects that require further inspection
5
Q
What kinds of risks do you consider when inspecting?
A
- Lone working.
- Hazards associated with derelict & empty properties.
- Confined spaces.
- Hazardous materials
- Deleterious Materials
- Contamination
6
Q
How does a disto work?
A
- A disto emits a laser beam and measures the time taken for it to reflect which is then converted into a distance.
7
Q
When does a disto becomes less accurate?
A
- As the distance increases.
- Over long distances
- In bright sunlight
8
Q
Explain a key issue raised by RICS Surveying Safely. What must firms provide?
A
- Sets out good practise principles for management of health and safety for RICS regulated firms and members
- key areas of advice- firms must provide
o safe working equipment
o safe working environment
o safe systems of work
o competent staff
9
Q
What does Grade A specification mean for an office?
A
- Common parts of the building are ready for immediate occupation and completed.
- Office areas are left for tenant fit out
10
Q
what does grade B spec for an Office mean?
A
- To complete the fit out to occupiers specific requirements - such as installation of enhanced finishes and IT
11
Q
In what scenario would you recommend expert advice in relation to inspection?
A
- When I suspect defects in buildings including damp, cracks, subsidence, Japanese knotweed, or asbestos
- Hazaedous materials or contmination
12
Q
what is included in your firm surveying safely guidelines?
A
- GMW requires a desktop risk assessment to be carried out prior to inspection
- Requiremet to make sure that it is always known where each employee is
- Avoid loan working
- Carrying a charge mobile phone
- Wearing appropriate PPE
13
Q
what is included in GMW’s inspection proforma?
A
- Address
- Date of inspection
- Surveyors inspecting
- External condition
- External facilities
- Internal condition
- Internal facilities
- Any defects that require further inspection
14
Q
What might you hope to gain from reviewing the local context/ immediate area?
A
- Transport links
- locational facilities
- road networks
- any local development taking place
- local market conditions
- comparable evidence
- agents letting/ sale boards
- contamination, hazards, flooding, power lines
15
Q
what does wildlife and countryside act 1981 say about Japanese knotweed?
A
- it is an offence to ‘plant or otherwise cause Japanese Knotweed to grow in the wild’
16
Q
What are the standard institutional specifications for shops?
A
- Shops
o steel portal or concrete frame
o cap services
o no suspend ceiling
o no shop front
o in shell condition ready for tenants fit out
o concrete floor
17
Q
What are the standard institutional specifications for offices?
A
- British Council for offices guide to office specification 2019
o full access raised floor with floor boxes
o approximate ceiling height of 2.6- 2.8 M
o ceiling void-350MM and raised floor void of 150MM
o Max opportunities for daylight - 300-500 lux average
o Floor loading 2.5 - 3.0Kn sqm
o Air con and double glazing
o Lifts
o Max depth of 12 to 15m (shallow plan) or 15 to 21m (deep pan) to allow for natural light
o 1 cycle space per 10 staff and 1 shower per 100 staff
o 8 - 10 sqm working density
18
Q
What are the standard institutional specifications for industrial?
A
- Industrial
o Steel portal frame with insulated steel profile cladding walls and roof
o minimum 6-8 metre eaves
o 30 KN floor loading
o full height electric roller shutter doors (usually 1 door per 10,000 sq ft)
o three phase electricity
o Main cap services
o 5 to 10% office
o Plastic coated steel profile cladding with brickwork walls up to two metres
o 10% rooflight
o Approx 40% site cover
19
Q
what does shell and core mean? Give examples of each?
A
- Common parts of the building are completed- office area are left in tenant fit out
o Common parts- lifts, toilets and building reception (core areas)
o Shell - bare shell (left for tenant fit out)
20
Q
What is a deleterious material? Give me examples and what is a sign?
A
- Material which can degrade over time and cause structural problems
- High alumina cement, woodwool shuttering, calcium chloride
- Brown staining on concrete
21
Q
What is a hazardous material? Give examples?
A
- A hazardous material is any substance that can pose a risk to health, safety, or the environment
- Lead piping or radon gas - dangerous to individuals health
- Asbestos
22
Q
If you were inspecting for valuation purposes what would you have looked out for?
A
- Characteristics of the locality
*Characteristics of property and use - Characteristics of the site
- Factors which can influence the valuation of a property
o location,
o tenure/ use,
o defects,
o current condition,
o occupation details
o Access
o Repair and condition
o Size
o Services
o Hazards
o Any potential for redevelopment
23
Q
What goes in your inspection report?
A
- Date of inspection
- Name
- Tenant
- Demise
- External condition (any changes)
- Internal condition (any changes)
- Common parts
- Health and Safety
- Photos
24
Q
What are the three different purposes for which you would carry out an inspection? And what would you check for each?
A
- Agency - marketability issues, consider condition, repair and maintenance, statutory compliance, presentation and marketability
- Valuation - factors that influence value EG aspect, construction and defects
- Property management - if occupied check lease compliance, statutory compliance etc If unoccupied check statutory compliance, state of building, repair and maintenance, security arrangements etc
25
What are the 4 common forms of foundations? What are each?
* Pad - slab foundation system under individual or groups of columns so the column load is spread evenly
* Trench (strip) - generally used for residential. Closely spaced columns.
* Raft - slab foundation over the whole site to spread load for light weight structures
* Piled - long and slender reinforced concrete cylinders in the ground when less than good load bearing ground conditions
26
What is the difference between steel and concrete frames?
- Steel frames - usually have less columns and wider span between columns
- Concrete frame - Usually have more columns, lower floor heights and a shorter span between columns
27
What type of air-con would you find in a modern office?
- VAV - Variable air volume - high cost
- HVAC - Heating, ventilation and air conditioning
- VRV - Variable Refrigeration Volume - lower cost but expensive to run
- Static cooling
- Comfort cooling
- Mechanical ventilation
28
What is the difference between comfort cooling and air conditioning
* A/C filters (conditions) the air whereas comfort cooling just cools and recirculates it
29
what is 22 Refrigeration systems? When did It have to be removed?
* form of refrigerant
* Had to be removed and replaced by 1st Jan 2015
30
What are the typical types of fit-out?
* Shell and core
* Category A (Grade A spec)
* Category B (Complete fit out to occupiers specific requirements)
31
What are the four steps to consider when carrying out an inspection?
* Consider your personal safety (firm's Health & Safety procedures)
* Inspection of the local area
* External inspection
* Internal inspection
32
What should you consider when conducting an external inspection?
* Method of construction
* Repair and condition of the exterior
* Car parking / access / loading arrangements
* Defects / structural movement/ contamination
* Check site boundaries with OS map and/or Title Plan
33
What should you consider when conducting an internal inspection?
* Condition and repair
* Layout and specification - flexibility and obsolescence
* Repair and maintenance
* Defects
* Services - age and condition
* Statutory compliance (e.g., asbestos, building regulations, health and safety, Equality Act, fire safety, and planning)
* Fixtures and fittings and improvements
* Compliance with lease obligations
* Flexibility of accomodation
34
What are the different ways that you could date a building?
* Asking the client
* Researching the date of planning consent or building regulations approval
* Land Registry
* Local historical records
* Architectural style
* Architect's certificate of practical completion
35
If inspecting a property for property management purposes, what would you be looking out for?
* Policing the lease:
o Occupied: Check lease compliance, statutory compliance, state of the building, requirement for repairs/redecoration, user, and details of the actual occupier - sublets - improvements without consent
o Unoccupied: Check statutory compliance, state of the building, repair and maintenance issues, security arrangements, landscaping, risk of vandalism, and damage to the building
36
If inspecting a property for agency purposes, what would you be looking out for?
* Marketability issues:
o Current condition of the building
o Repair and maintenance issues
o Statutory compliance
o Services
o Presentation and flexibility of the accommodation and its marketability
o Characteristics of space - obsolescence and flexibility
o Hazards/ contamination
37
What determines the type of foundations used?
* Age of the building
* Ground conditions
* Size of building and loadings required
38
What is a solid wall construction?
* entire wall is a single solid structure
* With headers, normally at least one brick thick, with different bricklaying patterns incorporating headers
* Narrower than 260mm
39
What is a cavity wall construction?
* Two layers of brickwork are tied together with metal ties, with a cavity that may be filled with insulation
* No headers used
* Evidence of a cavity tray, air brick, or weep holes may be seen
* Usually even pattern all bricks lengthways - stretcher bond
40
What is a stretcher?
* Brick laid horizontally, flat with the long side of the brick exposed
41
What is a header?
* Brick laid flat with the short end of the brick exposed
42
What is efflorescence? How is it formed?
* White marks caused by hygroscopic salts in the brickwork
* Formed when water reacts with the natural salts, by way of a chemical process, contained within the construction material and mortar
* Water dissolves the salts which are then carried out and deposited onto the surface by the natural evaporation that occurs when air meets the surface of the wall
43
What is spalling?
* Damaged brickwork where the surface of the bricks starts to crumble because of freeze/thaw action after it has become saturated in the winter months
44
What can you refer to if you're unsure about what form of construction is?
* Architect's drawings and specifications
45
What is the difference between a Category A and Category B fit-out?
* Category A: Basic level of finish above shell and core, may include:
o Raised floors
o Suspended ceilings
o Internal surfaces
o Basic mechanical and electrical services
* Category B: Fit-out complete to the occupier's specific requirements, may include:
o Installation of cellular offices
o Enhanced finishes
o IT infrastructure
46
What four steps should you follow if you identify any building defects during an inspection?
* Take photos of the defect
* Try to establish the cause of damage while on-site
* Inform your client of your investigations
* Recommend specialist advice from a building surveyor or, in the case of movement, a structural engineer
47
What are the three common causes of defects?
* Movement
* Water
* Defective/non-performance/deterioration of building materials
48
What is subsidence?
* The vertical downward movement of a building foundation caused by the loss of support from the ground beneath it, often due to changes in underlying ground conditions
49
What is heave?
* Expansion of the ground beneath part or all of the building, often caused by the removal of trees and subsequent moisture build-up in the soil
50
What are the common causes of cracks in a property?
* Subsidence
* Heave
* Cavity wall tie failure (indicated by horizontal cracking in brickwork)
* Shrinkage cracking (often occurs in new plasterwork during the drying-out process)
* Settlement cracks
51
What is wet rot? What are the signs of wet rot?
* Cause: Damp and timber decay
* Signs:
o Wet and soft timber
o High damp meter reading
o Visible fungal growth
o Musty smell
52
What is dry rot? What are the signs of dry rot?
* Cause: Fungal attack that can destroy timber and masonry
* Signs:
o Fungus (mycelium) spreading across wood in fine strands
o Fluffy white strands
o Large, often orange mushroom-like fruiting bodies
o Strong smell and red spores
o Cracking paintwork and cuboidal cracking/crumbling of dry timber
53
What is rising damp? What are the signs of rising damp?
* Cause: Moisture from the ground traveling up through the wall by capillary action, usually due to failure or absence of the damp proof course
* Signs:
o Tide marks of salts
o Dark patches on walls that can be damp to touch
o Damp and musty smell
o Usually stops around 1.5m above ground level
54
What can condensation be caused by? What are the signs of condensation?
* Cause: Lack of ventilation and background heating
* Signs:
o Mould
o Streaming water on the inside of windows/walls
55
What are the causes of damp?
* Wet rot
* Dry rot
* Rising damp
* Condensation
* Leaking plumbing, air conditioning units, or pipework
56
What are the common building defects associated with period residential, office, or shop buildings?
* Dry rot
* Wet rot
* Tile slippage on the roof
* Damp penetration at roof and ground floor level
* Water ingress around door and window openings
* Structural movement/settlement
* Regent Street disease - water penetrates the building and rusts the steel frame, damaging the masonry (e.g., Portland stone, terracotta, or brick)
57
What are the common building defects associated with modern industrial buildings?
* Roof leaks around roof lights
* Damaged cladding panels
* Cut edge corrosion
* Blocked valley gutters
* Water damage from poor guttering or burst pipes
* Settlement/cracking in brickwork panels
58
What are the common building defects associated with modern office buildings?
* Damp penetration at roof and ground floor level
* Water damage from burst pipes or air conditioning units
* Structural movement
* Damaged cladding
* Cavity wall tie failure
* Efflorescence
* Poor mortar joints in brickwork
59
What is the key legislation on contamination?
* Environmental Protection Act 1990 (as amended) - INC Japanese Knotweed
60
What guidance has the RICS offered on contamination?
* RICS Guidance Note Contamination, the environment and sustainability, 2010
61
Who will generally pay for the remediation of a contaminated site?
* The polluter or the landowner
62
What will a desktop contamination study comprise?
* Consideration of the previous use of the site, local history, and planning register
63
What materials generally cause contamination to exist?
* Heavy metals
* Radon and methane gas
* Diesel, oil, and chemicals
64
What are signs of contamination that you should look out for?
* Evidence of chemicals and oils
* Oil drums
* Subsidence
* Underground tanks
* Bare ground
65
What are the three phases of an investigation for contamination?
* Phase 1: Review site history with a desktop study, site inspection, and investigation
* Phase 2: Investigate to identify the nature and extent of contamination with detailed soil samples taken using boreholes (intrusive)
* Phase 3: Produce a remediation report setting out remedial options, design requirements, and monitoring standards
66
What should you do if there are concerns that a site has some contamination?
* Suggest a specialist report and three phase investigation
67
What approach should be taken if you're instructed to value a site with contamination or hazardous materials?
* What are the three approaches?
* Contamination - what are valuers three options?
* Deleterious materials - If present value must ...
* Do not provide any advice until a specialist report is commissioned
* Caveat the advice with an appropriate disclaimer highlighting the issue or use of a special assumption
* Deduct remediation costs from the gross site value
Contamination
* Valuer has three options:
o adopt conclusion of expert reports - ie cost of remediation
o adopt appropriate caveat
o Decline instruction as outside area of expertise
Deleterious Materials
* if present value must report existence in the valuation report- likely to diminish value, depends on the circumstances, seek professional advice if necessary
68
What relief is available to those who spend money remediating certain contaminated or derelict sites, or those affected by Japanese Knotweed? What is it? How much can companies claim?
* Land Remediation Relief (LRR):
o A form of tax relief
o Allows companies to claim up to 150% of the cost of cleaning up the site against their Corporation Tax bill
69
What is the difference between deleterious and hazardous materials?
* Deleterious: Materials that degrade with age, causing structural problems
* Hazardous: Materials that are harmful to health
70
What are some tell-tale signs of potential problems with deleterious materials? In what type of structures and what age?
* Brown staining on concrete
* In Concrete frame buildings
* Mainly in buildings from the 1960s and 1970s
71
What are some examples of deleterious materials?
* High alumina cement (corrodes steel)
* Woodwool shuttering
* Calcium chloride
72
What are some examples of hazardous materials?
* Asbestos
* Lead piping/lead paint
* Radon gas
73
What is Japanese Knotweed?
* Japanese Knotweed is a hardy deciduous perennial plant
* It grows extremely quickly
* Spreads underground through rhizomes or shoots.
74
What does Japanese Knotweed look like?
* Purple/green hollow stem
* Heart-shaped green leaves
* Clusters of white flowers
75
Why is Japanese Knotweed an issue?
* Invasive plant that can damage hard surfaces such as foundations and tarmac
* Not easy to control, costly to eradicate and a specialist company must remove and dispose of it
* Property lenders may refuse loans
76
How should Surveyors consider Japanese Knotweed when inspecting properties?
* For mortgage valuations, surveyors need to refer to UK VPGA 11 of the UK National Supplement, which sets out the scope of inspection relevant to the purpose.
* Includes a visual inspection of the property and recording any factors or problems affecting value, such as Japanese Knotweed.
* If identified on inspection, the surveyor must be able to advise the client on the issue and risk, appropriate to the level of inspection that they have agreed with the client.
77
How can Surveyors identify Japanese Knotweed?
* Desktop research
* Some local authorities publish maps indicating local Japanese Knotweed infestations.
* When on site, make enquiries to the vendor/owner or their agent in relation to the presence of Japanese Knotweed
* Physical signs inc; zig zag stem, purple speckled stem, shield shaped leaves
78
What would you do if you saw Japanese knotweed on site?
* Check if it had been registered and there was a removal plan kept on site.
* If not I would take pictures and inform the landowner so they could seek a specialist to remove
* I would value it deducting the removal costs (after seeking specialist to quote) or value with SA that it was not present.
79
Do you know any RICS guidance relating to Japanese Knotweed?
RICS Professional Standard: Japanese knotweed and residential property 2022
80
What is the offence for ignoring Japanese Knotweed and allowing it to spread? What are the penalties under two courts and local authorities?
* Criminal offence under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.
* Magistrates court maximum fine of £5,000 or a maximum prison sentence of six months, or both.
* Crown Court can impose an unlimited fine or a maximum prison sentence of two years, or both
* Local authorities can grant a Community Protection Notice (CPN) and fines of up to £2,500 per person (£20,000 for an organisation)
81
What is the landmark Japanese Knotweed? What did it find?
* Williams v Network Rail Infrastructure Ltd 2018
* Network Rail liable for the cost of treating the invasive plant plus damages for the loss of use and enjoyment of their neighbour's property (but not the reduced value of the property)
82
What did the House of Commons Science and Technology Committee report in May 2019 say about Japanese Knotweed?
* Physical damage to property from Japanese Knotweed is no greater than other disruptive plants
* Encouraged an evidence-based approach to ensure that the response is proportionate to the physical effects
* Recommended that Defra, commission a study on international approaches to Japanese Knotweed
83
What documents might your request before undertaking an inspection?
* Asbestos register
* Title plan
* Floorplans
84
What characteristics would you look for to determine the quality of a retail unit?
* Configuration and layout of the unit - preference for rectangular shape
* Masking - areas not visible from the shop frontage command a rental discount
* Frontage - typically apply a rental discount for hard frontage and rental premium for a return frontage
* Access arrangements - allow loading and unloading of goods
* Ancillary space
85
What can you look at as an indicator of the quality of the retail pitch?
* Proportion of retail tenants vs. non retail tenants
* Local vs. national tenant mix
* Architecture of the buildings
* Proximity to key footfall generators
86
Tell me about how you ensure your safety when lone working.
* I followed my company's lone working policy.
* I diarised my inspection and recorded details including the location, time, client details.
* I ensured that my phone was charged and I was contactable at all times during my inspection.
* My colleagues had access to my contact details if they needed to reach me.
87
Explain to me your inspection methodology when inspecting a property.
* I ensure my personal safety.
* Appropriate equiptment
* Local area - Location, facilities, transport, comparable evidence, local market conditions, agent's boards
* External inspection - Method of construction, condition, access, defects, hazardous materials, deleterous materials, boundaries
* Internal inspection - Specification, condition, defects, services, statutory compliance, fixtures, lease compliance
88
Does the lease have to state T improvements rights?
* Lease does not have to state tenant's improvement rights
89
What heppens if the lease is silent on T improvements?
* If the lease is silent the tenant is free to carry out improvement works.
90
After how many years can tenant improvements be rentalised?
* 21 years after improvements were carried out.
91
What notice can be served for breach of repair? Who serves it and when? What must happen after?
* Section 146 of the Law of Property Act 1925.
* The landlord serves this to the tenant, specifically in the event of the tenant breaching a covenant of the lease.
* Tenant must then remedy the breach, or risk their lease being terminated.
92
Give examples of covenant breaches under section 146?
* Unapproved alterations to the property.
* Damages to the property.
* Sub-letting parts of the property (without consent).
93
Five Steps for Asbestos
* Duty holder is to assess whether the premises has asbestos or not
* Assess the risk and produce a plan - encapsulate and remove
* Produce a register
* Make the register available to all relevant parties
* Review the register regularly
94
Statutory requirements of commercial property owner
* Asbestos register
* Equality act compliance
* Fire regs compliance
* Legionnaires disease
* EPC
* Health and safety
* Occupiers liability
* PAT testing
* Waste management
* Contamination
95
What information would you typically look to obtain from a seller / occupier?
* Structural alterations undertaken with approximate dates, planning permissions and building regulations approvals.
* Known defects and problems.
* Age of service installations
* Drainage
* Ownership & maintenance of shared boundaries and access areas.
96
What desktop information would you typically look to obtain prior to undertaking the inspection?
* Estate Agent particulars.
* Relevant site information
* Details of previous works and permissions.
* Conservation area or listed building status.
* Lease details.
97
What would be included within your terms of engagement for undertaking an inspection?
* The service being provided
* Details of the Surveyor including RICS membership status, experience and qualifications.
* Procedures prior to the inspection.
* Terms of payment.
* Cancelling the appointment.
* Liability.
* Complaints handling procedures.
98
What do you do when you get back from inspection?
* Scan my inspection notes, floor plans etc
* Save site notes securely in the file.
* Calculate floor areas
99
What is the difference between a valuation inspection and a letting inspection?
* Valuation inspections are assessing the property at the time you saw it (the valuation date)
* Letting inspections are more forward thinking as you are looking at its marketability and what could be improved in the future
100
What would you do if you noted something that could be a structural issue? What about a valuation?
* Take pictures
* Report issue to the client
* Recommend a structural survey to see the extent of the issue and any remedial work would be completed.
* For valuation - include assumptions there are no issues, but reserve the right to change our valuation if survey comes back with issues/costs that need to be implemented into report.
101
What types of defects can you get in a building?
Movement:
* Subsidence- vertical downward movement.
* Heave is expansion.
Damp:
* Wet rot
* Dry rot
* Rising damp
* Condensation
* Damp by leaking plumbing.
102
What is included within an asbestos register?
* Current info on the presence
* Condition of asbestos-containing materials (ACMs).
* Helps actively manage any asbestos, presumed asbestos in your buildings.
103
You have mentioned Surveying Safely, how does the hierarchy of risk control work?
Listed from most to least effective:
-Elimination: Remove hazard.
-Substitution: Replace a hazard with less hazardous one.
-Engineering Controls: Isolate people from the hazard.
-Administrative Controls: Change work procedures.
-Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Use protective gear.
-Monitoring and Review: Continuously check and update safety measures to ensure effectiveness.
104
Tell me some defects in a Victorian building.
Dry rot
Wet rot
Tile slippage
Water ingress and door and window
105
What is the difference between an inherent and a latent defect?
* Inherent defect: defect in the design or a material that has always been present
* Latent defect: fault to the property that could not have been discovered by a reasonably thorough inspection of the property
*
106
How would you inspect the roof of a property?
* Avoid inspecting the roof if possible
* Ask a specialist contractor to undertake an inspection of the roof
* Regard to the Work at Height Regulations 2005
* Would be conscious of roof lights when inspecting an industrial unit
107
What are typical scales of maps?
1:50- Room Plan
1:100- Building Plan
1:1,250- Street/ Location Plan
1:2,500- Location Plan
1:50,000- Road Map
108
What is included in your pre risk site assessment form?
* site info
* Site access
* Site hazards
* Existing structures
* PPE
* Sign off Acknowledgments
109
What statutory compliance of a property can you check on inspection?
* Asbestos
* Building regulations
* Health and safety
* Equality Act 2010
* Fire safety
* Planning compliance
110
Standard load bearing capacity of an industrial unit?
30 KN/sq m
111
Do you know any legislation regarding contamination?
Environmental Protection Act 1990
112
Do you know any RICS Guidance relevant to contamination? What does it highlight?
RICS Guidance Note: Contamination, the Environment and Sustainability, 2010 (3rd ed)
* Surveyors must understand their obligations, know their responsibilities and comply with the law
* General principle is that polluter or landowner pays for remediation
113
What is considered a good site coverage for industrial?
Boradly speaking between 40% and 50%
BB Autumn 25
flashcards
Decks in class (19)
# Cards
-
CHAIRMANS77
-
Ethics, Rules of Conduct and Professionalism147
-
Client care28
-
COMMUNICATION AND NEGOTIATION36
-
ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES69
-
BUSINESS PLANNING54
-
CONFLICT AVOIDANCE, MANAGEMENT AND DISPUTE RESOLUTION PROCEDURES37
-
DATA MANAGEMENT49
-
DIVERSITY, INCLUSION & TEAMWORKING37
-
INCLUSIVE ENVIRONMENTS15
-
SUSTAINABILITY63
-
HEALTH & SAFETY89
-
INSPECTION113
-
MEASUREMENT187
-
VALUATION322
-
LANDLORD & TENANT174
-
PURCHASE & SALE155
-
LEASING AND LETTING137
-
HOT TOPICS43
