Intellectual Disability (Intellectual Development Disorder)

Question 1

For a diagnosis of Intellectual Disability, __ diagnostic criteria must be met.

Answer 1

3.

Question 2

Intellectual Disabiliity Criterion 1: Deficits in ___________________ (e.g., reasoning, problem solving, abstract thinking) confirmed by clinical assessment and individualized, standardized intelligence testing.

Answer 2

Intellectual functioning.

Question 3

Intellectual Disabiliity Criterion 2: Deficits in ____________________ that result in a failure to meet community standards of personal independence and social responsibility, and impair functioning across multiple environments in one or more ADLs.

Answer 3

Adaptive functioning.

Question 4

Intellectual Disabiliity Criterion 3: The onset of intellectual and adaptive functioning deficits occurs during the ____________ period.

Answer 4

Developmental.

Question 5

The four degrees of Intellectual Disability are:

Answer 5

• Mild (85% of all intellectually disabled people)
• Moderate (10% of all intellectually disabled people)
• Severe (3-4% of all intellectually disabled people)
• Profound (1-2% of all intellectually disabled people)

Question 6

Early signs of Intellectual Disability include:

• Delays in ____________,
• Lack of age-appropriate interest in _____________,
• Failure (in infants) to _____________ during feeding,
• Decreased responsiveness to ___________ and movement.

Answer 6

• Motor development
• Environmental stimuli
• Make eye contact
• Voice

Question 7

For cases of Intellectual Disability with a known cause:

• ___% are due to heredity (Tay-Sachs, fragile X syndrome, Phenylketonuria-PKU)
• ___% are due to chromosomal changes and exposure to toxins during prenatal development (Down Syndrome [aka Trisomy-21], fetal alcohol spectrum disorder)
• ___% are due to pregnancy and perinatal problems (fetal malnutrition, anoxia, trauma)
• ___% are due to acquired medical conditions during infancy/childhood (lead poisoning, encephalitis, malnutrition)
• ___-___% are due to environmental factors and predisposing mental disorders (severe deprivation of nurturance or stimulation, autism)

Answer 7

• 5%
• 30%
• 10%
• 5%
• 15-20%

Question 8

The etiology of Intellectual Disability is unknown in roughly ___% of cases.

Answer 8

30%.

Question 9

Low ______________ is the strongest predictor for all degrees of Intellectual Disability severity.

Answer 9

Birth weight.