jan 8 2021

Question 1

pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenic purpura?

Answer 1

antibodies form against platelet membrane proteins leading to isolated thrombocytopenia

Question 2

first line treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpura?

Answer 2

steroids and IV immunoglobulin

Question 3

second line treatment for ITP

Answer 3

splenectomy (removes the source of platelets destruction)

Question 4

what is chronic ITP ?

Answer 4

thrombocytopenia <100 000 and for > 1 year

Question 5

presentation of multiple system atrophy?

Answer 5

• parkinsonism
• autonomic dysfunction
• widespread neurological signs

Question 6

what is familial-dysautonomia?

Answer 6

a AR disease that presents at birth with poor feeding, low muscle tone, gross autonomic dysfunction and severe orthostatic hypotension

Question 7

In a patient that presents with parkinsonism, and with orthostatic hypotension, erectile dysfunction, incontinence or other autonomic symptoms, consider….

Answer 7

multiple system atrophy

Question 8

cardiac amyloidosis causes…

Answer 8

restrictive cardiomyopathy

Question 9

list manifestations of amyloidosis

Answer 9

• asymptomatic proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome
• waxy skin
• easy brusing
• hepatomegaly
• GI bleeding
• early satiety
• enlarged tongue
• autonomic neuropathy

Question 10

presentation of HSV retinitis

Answer 10

rapidbly progressing bilateral necrotizing retinitis - starts with conjunctivitis and keratitis and eye pain followed by rapid progression of vision loss

Question 11

is it normal for breast bud development to occur unilaterally at first?

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

examination of a breast bud will show..

Answer 12

a firm retroareolar mass that may be slightly tender

Question 13

path of primary biliary cholangitis?

Answer 13

autoimmune destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts

Question 14

clinical features of primary biliary cholangitis?

Answer 14

• fatigue/pruritis with progressive jaundice, hepatomegaly and cirhosis, xanthomas and xanthelasmas
• usually in middle aged women

Question 15

which antibody is postivie in primary biliary cholangitis?

Answer 15

AMA (antimitochondrial)

Question 16

treatment of primary biliary cholangitis?

Answer 16

• ursodeoxycholic acid

- liver transplant

Question 17

complications of primary biliary cholangitis?

Answer 17

• malabsoprtion, fat soluble vitamin deficiencies
• bone disease (osteoporosis, osteomalacia)
• HCC

Question 18

which medications are risk factors for idiopathic intracranial hypertension?

Answer 18

• retinoids
• tetracylines
• growth hormonep

Question 19

prolonged oxygen in a neonate is a risk for…

Answer 19

bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Question 20

characteristics of bronchopulmonary dysplasia?

Answer 20

reduced number and septations of alveoli