Joint dislocation

Question 1

definition of joint dislocation

Answer 1

complete separation of 2 articulating bony surfaces, often caused by a sudden impact to the joint.

Question 2

definition of subluxation

Answer 2

partial or incomplete dislocation

Question 3

aetiology of dislocation

Answer 3

falls
sports
RTA
shoulder: abduction, external rotation, and extension, followed by a posterior-directed force

Question 4

risk factors for dislocation

Answer 4

• sports
• RTA
• ligamentous laxity
• ehlers-danlos syndrome
• young male
• women 60-80
• previous
• skeletal or muscular dysplasia
• external tibial torsion
• patella alta

Question 5

signs and sx of dislocation

Answer 5

• characteristic positioning
• pain
• inability to move the joint
• tenderness
• swelling
• normal neuro
• sciatic nerve injury if hip
• injury to the femoral artery, vein, nerve - hip
• cruiciate ligament injury - patella
• meniscal tear - patella
• ligamentous injury of knee with patella dysfunction
• patella/quad tendon rupture with patellar dislocation

Question 6

Ix for dislocation

Answer 6

XR

consider MRI/CT/arteriogram

Question 7

mx for dislocation

Answer 7

reduce and immobilise
call surgeons

Question 8

classification of hip dislocation

Answer 8

posterior - most common
* leg is shortened, adducted and internally rotated

anterior - lef is abducted and externally rotated

central

Question 9

signs and sx of hip dislocation