WHat is a joint
a place where 2 or moree boness meet, they allow movement but also provide stabilty
The 3 types of joints
Fibrous or immovable, cartilaginous or slightly moveable joints, synovial or freely moving joints
Fibrous joints (immovable)
Bones are connected by fibrous tissues and don’t allow movement
eg those between bones of the skull (to provide protection for the brain)
tibia fibula
ulna radius
Cartilaginous joints (slightly moveable)
connected via cartilage and alow little movement
eg vertebral collumn
Synovial Joint (freely moveable)
Most common joint, allow for maximum movement.
features of synovial joints
Synovial membrane-lines the outside of the jouint and encloses the synovial fluid
synovial fluid-found in the joint capsule and absorbs shock and reduces friction
Ligiments-fibrous staps that attach bones to bones at joints
cartilage- hard rubbury substance that prevents bones rubbing together.
what are the 6 different synovial joints
ball and socket ,hinge pivot, saddle,gliding and condyloid.
ball and socket joint
a rounded, ball-shaped bone end fits into a cup-like depression of another bone,
movements possible :flexion extension adduction abduction rotation circumduction
examples hip joints and shoulders
hinge joint
A joint that acts as a hinge on a door allowing movement in one place
movements possible; flexion and extension
examples joints in the elbows knees and fingers ankles
condyloid joint
a type of synovial joint where an oval-shaped bone end fits into a similarly shaped cavity in another bone, allowing for movement in two planes: flexion/extension and abduction/adduction.
movements possible: flexion extension adduction abduction and circumduction
examples the wrist, knuckles of the toes and fingers jaw
pivot joints
synovial joint where a rounded bone rotates within a ring-shaped bone
movements possible rotation, Supination and Pronation
Examples Atlas Access joints in the neck
proximal radioulnar joint (near the elbow) or the distal radioulnar joint (near the wrist)
gliding or sliding joint
gliding/sliding joints
bones are flat or slightly curved allowing them to
Movements sliding
examples with this bones bones between vertebrae
saddle joints
where the ends of the two bones fit together like a rider on a saddle, with one bone’s surface being concave and the other’s convex.
movements possible flexion/extension abduction/adduction
examples collar bone to breatbone
lowest thumb joint
