knee

Question 1

joints in knee

Answer 1

tibiofemoral

patellofemoral

Question 2

ligs in knee

6 of them

Answer 2

• medial capsular (deep)
• med collateral (superfic)
• lat capsular (deep)
• lateral collateral
• ant cruciate lig
• post cruciate lig

Question 3

how is the medial meniscus shaped?
what sits in it?
what does it attach to?

Answer 3

medial (c shaped):

• attaches to med capsular lig
• med tib plateau

Question 4

origin and insertion of patellar tendon

Answer 4

O: inf of patella
I: tib tubercle

Question 5

what muscles only extend knee

Answer 5

• vastus lateralis
• vastus medialis
• vastus intermedis

Question 6

what are the actions of the rectus femoris

Answer 6

-flex hip and extend knee

Question 7

muscles of hamstrings

-actions of these muscles

Answer 7

• semitendinosis
• semimembrinosis
• bicep femoris
• actions: flex knee/extend hip

Question 8

muscles of pes anserine group

-action of these muscles

Answer 8

• sartorius
• gracilis
• semitendinosis
• action: flex knee

Question 9

where do all the pes anserine muscles insert

Answer 9

pes anserine tendon

-sup to MCL

Question 10

origin and insertion of IT band

Answer 10

O: ASIS/iliac crest as tensor fascia latae
I: gerdys tub (lat tibia)

Question 11

valgus/vargus stress test

-what are you testing?

Answer 11

• test @ 0 flex then 20-30 flex
• push on inside and outside of knee
• testing: MCL/LCL

Question 12

anterior drawer test of knee

-what are you testing?

Answer 12

-knee flexed 90 pull tibia towards you while sitting on foot
neutral foot: testing ACL
ER foot: testing ACL and med structures
IR foot: testing ACL and lat structures

Question 13

why is the anterior drawer test of knee not very reliable

Answer 13

hamstrings will give false negative if contracted

Question 14

posterior drawer test of knee

what are you testing?

Answer 14

• testing PCL
• same as anterior drawer test but push tibia back
• tibia will line up femur of make a C shape

Question 15

Lachman stress test
what are you testing?
what are you looking for?

Answer 15

• testing ACL
• knee flex 10-15
• hands on distal femur and prox tibia
• pull tib up and femur down
• look for: an end pnt

Question 16

mcmurray stress test\

• what are you testing?
• what are you looking for?

Answer 16

-testing menisci
-flex knee 90
-hand on knee and heel
med men: vargus, extend knee
lat men: valgus, extend knee
-look for increased pain or popping

Question 17

apleys compression test

what is it testing for?

Answer 17

• menisci
• lying on stomach flex knee 90
• push down on foot
• IR/ER rotate foot then push down

Question 18

mechanism of MCL injury

Answer 18

valgus force (hit on lat side of leg)

Question 19

what happens if mechanism of MCL injury is severe enough

Answer 19

injury to O’Donaghues triad

• med collateral
• anterior cruciate
• med menisci

Question 20

mechanism of LCL injury

Answer 20

vargus force (hit on med side of leg)

Question 21

what happens if mechanism of LCL injury is severe enough

Answer 21

injury to

• bicep femoris at insertion
• IT band at gerdy tub

Question 22

5 mechanisms of ACL injury

Answer 22

• IR of lower leg, ER of femur/body
• ER of lower leg, IR of femur/body
• force that drives tibia forward when knee id flexed
• hyperextension (tibia moves back)
• deceleration

Question 23

mechanism of PCL injury

Answer 23

• force to ant tibia while knee flexed 90

- fall on tib tub

Question 24

signs/symptoms of knee injuries

6 of them

Answer 24

• pain/tenderness
• swelling
• limit of motion
• muscular dysfuntion/spasms
• inability to walk
• ecchymosis

Question 25

signs and symptoms of knee injuries that can occur days to weeks later

Answer 25

- clicking - locking - instability - pinching w/ jnt

Question 26

what is important about meniscus for tears

Answer 26

outer 1/3 is vascular | middle is possibly vascular

Question 27

chondromalacia patella

Answer 27

-softening of artic cartilage of post aspect of patella

Question 28

patella femoral pain syndrome

Answer 28

- patella doesnt stay in groove | - tendancy to ride over lat condyle due to quads contracting

Question 29

IT band friction syndrome

Answer 29

during flexion and extension IT band irritated by lat femoral condyle flex: moves from post to lat condyle ext: moves from ant to lat condyle

Question 30

obers test | what does it test for?

Answer 30

tests: IT friciton snydrome -lay on side -flex knee 90 -hip neutral -abd hip ad drop look for: if stuck band is tight

Question 31

nobles test | what does it test for

Answer 31

tests for: IT friciton syndrome - sit on edge of table - pressure on insertion - flex/ext knee

Question 32

osgood schlatters disease | signs/symp

Answer 32

disorder of growing tibial tub S/S: -pain/swelling/local tender of tibial tub

Question 33

cause of osgood schlatters

Answer 33

- kneeling, jumping, running - direct trauma - any stress at patella tendon

Question 34

treatmetn of osgood schlatters | 3 of them

Answer 34

- decrease acitivty/lessen stress - ice - increase quad work

Question 35

osteochondritis dissecans | where is it usually?

Answer 35

arae of bone under goes changes which result in piece of bone loose in jnt -usually in post lat aspect of med condyle

Question 36

cause of osteochondritis dissecans

Answer 36

- direct blow to patella diriving back on femur - impairmen of blood to affect area of femur - heredity

Question 37

what is the lateral meniscus shaped like? what sits in it? where does it attach?

Answer 37

lateral (o shaped) - moveable - doesnt attache to lat capsular lig - lat tib plateu sits in it

Question 38

parts of both menisci

Answer 38

- ant portion = body - post portion = horn - outer part thicker than inner - coranary lig ties outer edge to tib - transerve lig ties two parts together