L11

Question 1

Skeletal muscle contraction physiology

Answer 1

1. Acetylcholine arrive
2. Depolarization
3. Calcium release
4. Muscle contraction

Question 2

Skeletal muscle relaxant

Answer 2

1. Depolarising neuromuscular blocking agent
2. Non-depolarising neuromuscular blocking agent
3. central acting spasmolytic drug
4. Direct acting muscle relaxant

Question 3

Consequence of blocking histamine receptor:

Answer 3

Reduce inflammatory and allergic response

Question 4

Physiological response of nitric oxide

Answer 4

Cause vasodilation, increase blood flow and reduce pulmonary vascular resistance

Question 5

Digestive system drug

Answer 5

Antacid
H2 receptors antagonist
Proton pump inhibitor
laxatives
Antidiarrheal agent

Question 6

Types of laxatives

Answer 6

Bulk forming laxatives
Stool surfactant agent
Osmotic laxatives
Stimulant laxatives
Chloride secretion activators
Opioid receptor antagonist

Question 7

Chemotherapeutic drugs

Answer 7

1. Alkylating drugs: inhibit DNA synthesis, Oxaliplatin
2. Anti-metabolites: disrupt the cellular process of DNA synthesis
   e.g. Gemcitabine
3. Anti-microtubules drugs stop cell division e.g. Docetaxel
4. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors block phosphorylation e.g. Erlotinib
5. Hormonal drugs: Estrogen receptor antagonist e.g. Tamoxifen

Question 8

Drug used to suppress immune system

Answer 8

1. Glucocorticoids
2. Cyclosporine
3. Proliferation signal inhibitors
4. Thalidomide
5. Cytotoxic agents
6. Immunosuppressive antibodies