Lab Practical *1

Question 1

External bean label

Question 2

Internal bean label time

Question 3

External corn kernel labeling

Question 4

Internal corm kernel labeling

Question 5

In corn what area has more starch storage

Answer 5

Cotyledon

Question 6

In corn what area has more oil storage

Answer 6

Cotyledon

Question 7

In corn what area has more active metabolism

Answer 7

Cotyledon

Question 8

After dissecting cotlyedon what area has more starch storage

Answer 8

Endosperm

Question 9

After dissecting cotlyedon what area has more oil storage

Answer 9

Embryo

Question 10

After dissecting cotlyedon what area has more active metabolism

Answer 10

Embryo

Question 11

Eudicot def

Answer 11

Nutrients stored in cotyledon

Question 12

Monocot def

Answer 12

A plant with a single cotyledon

Question 13

When does gemination ends

Answer 13

When the radicle pops out

Question 14

How do changes in light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis

Answer 14

They increase the rate of photosynthesis and then level off

Question 15

What causes photosynthesis to fall off even with intense light

Answer 15

From limited factors (Co2) and water

Question 16

In the dark what would happen with O2 levels

Answer 16

Decrease

Question 17

In the dark what would happen to H concentration in the stroma

Answer 17

Would come to equilibrium with the thylakoid lumen

Question 18

Why would in the dark will H concentration in the stroma would come to equilibrium with the thylakoid lumen

Answer 18

Without the light dependent reactions H ions can’t be pushed into the thylakoid lumen. However H ions can still be pushed through the ATP synthase complex and into the stroma. Therefore the concentrations would cease to an equilibrium.

Question 19

In the dark what would happen to ATP production

Answer 19

Cease

Question 20

Why would in the dark will ATP production cease

Answer 20

ATP production relies on the light-dependent reactions, mainly the protein gradient across the thylakoid membrane. Without lights, the protein gradient can’t work and ATP synthase complex can’t function

Question 21

If the plant is experiencing water stress during the day and closes its stomata, what would happen to CO2 levels entering the Calvin-benson cycle

Answer 21

Decrease

Question 22

If the plant is experiencing water stress during the day and closes its stomata, why does CO2 levels decrease

Answer 22

When the stomata close, the plant can’t take in CO2 from the atmosphere nor can it fuel the Calvin cycle

Question 23

In the dark why does O2 levels decrease

Answer 23

Photosynthesis requires light energy in order to produce O2. The production of O2 stops when it is dark b/c there is no light energy to fuel the reaction

Question 24

If the plant is experiencing water stress during the day and closes its stomata, what would happen to NADP concentration in the stomata

Answer 24

Become depleted

Question 25

If the plant is experiencing water stress during the day and closes its stomata, why is NADP concentration in the stomata depleted

Answer 25

When the stomata closes, O2 can’t enter the leaf or Calvin cycle. Calvin cycle stops, less NADPH is being used, less NADPH is generated

Question 26

If the plant is experiencing water stress during the day and closes its stomata, what would happen to electron transport in the thylakoid membranes

Answer 26

be the same as if the stomata were still open (in the light)

Question 27

If the plant is experiencing water stress during the day and closes its stomata, what would happen to electron transport in the thylakoid membranes as they are the same as if the stomata were still open (in the light)

Answer 27

Photosynthesis would still be happening

Question 28

How do changes in temperature affect photosynthesis

Answer 28

As temperature increases the rate of photosynthesis increases, up until the temperature reaches 30-35* C

Question 29

How might water stress brought about by higher temperatures influence the rate of photosynthesis even with higher concentrations

Answer 29

Plants will close their stomata to conserve H2O so photosynthesis stops

Question 30

What plant type has Calvin cycle

Answer 30

C3, C4, CAM

Question 31

What plant type has CO2 first incorporated until a 3C compound

Answer 31

C3

Question 32

What plant type has CO2 first incorporated until a 4C compound

Answer 32

C4, CAM

Question 33

What plant type has carbon reduction during day

Answer 33

C3, c4, CAM

Question 34

What plant type has the stomata open at night

Answer 34

CAM

Question 34

What plant type has stomata open at day

Answer 34

C3, c4

Question 35

What plant type has spatial separation of CO2 fixation and reduction

Answer 35

C4

Question 36

What plant type has temporal separation of CO2 fixation and reduction

Answer 36

CAM

Question 37

What plant type has succulent leaves

Answer 37

CAM

Question 38

What plant type has palisade mesophyll

Answer 38

C3

Question 39

What plant type has high chloroplast density in bundle sheath cells

Answer 39

C4

Question 40

What plant type has predominate vacuole

Answer 40

CAM (relatively speaking)

Question 41

What plant type has thin leaves

Answer 41

C3, C4

Question 42

What happens to an onion after adding a TBO stain

Answer 42

The structure became more clear after adding the stain

Question 43

Cell wall study, are they orderly/disorderly, loose/compacted, chloroplast present, cylosis, nucleus present, vacuole present

Question 44

Elodea leaf labeling; cell walls, trichome, nucleus , vacuole, chloroplast

Question 46

What is the most abundant organelle

Answer 46

Chloroplast

Question 47

What was the effect of adding CaCl solution to Elodea cells

Answer 47

Shrinking

Question 48

In Elodea cells was water moving into or out of the cells after adding the CaCl solution

Answer 48

Water left

Question 49

What visible changes in the cells after adding a CaCl solution

Answer 49

Cells were shrinking as water exited the cell, chloroplasts move closer to edges, vacuoles get smaller

Question 50

What happens when I2Kl droplets added to potato slides

Answer 50

It dyes the starch particles making them more visible. This allows them to stand out compared to the others as it becomes a dark purple. It is used to help detect starch so it stains it.

Question 51

Coleus stem tip labeling

Question 52

Cross section of Zea mays labeled

Question 53

Complete vascular bundle label

Question 54

What cells stand out the most in the vascular bundle

Answer 54

Red stained cells

Question 55

Why does the red cells stand out the most in the vascular bundle

Answer 55

Bc they are stained red as they are positive for lignin. They are visually distinctive because they surround the phloem.

Question 56

What are the major parts that are stained red

Answer 56

Xylem and sclerenchynna sheath

Question 57

Herbaceous stem crossing of Dicots labeling

Question 58

What cells are sclerenchyma and which cells have cell walls containing lignin

Answer 58

Some cells in vascular bundles are sclerenchyma. Xylem have lignin but not all cells with lignin are sclerenchyma

Question 59

Radish seed root labeling

Question 60

What distinguishes the region of maturation from the region of elongation

Answer 60

The region of maturation is where cells develop hairs and extend out to the left and right, and the region of elongation is where cells grow in length and make the root longer

Question 61

Root internal cross section labeling

Question 62

Vascular cylinder labeling magnification

Question 63

Leaf labeling

Question 64

Where a starch test would be positive in a leaf from a plant that uses C4 photosynthesis

Answer 64

In the bundle sheath cells

Question 65

Leaf structure cross section labeling C3

Question 66

Leaf structure cross section labeling C4

Question 67

Leaf structure cross section labeling CAM

Question 68

Which structures in the leaves had cell walls that were thick and positive for lignin

Answer 68

(C3) both types of mesophyle (fibers and xylem) have lignin The mesophyll in CAM also contained lignin In C4 plants thr stoma is red and the xylem is red