Language

Question 1

speech

Answer 1

1. phonation
   - vocal cords-10
   - dysphonia-hoarse, whispering, breathy
2. articulation
   - lips, tongue, palate, pharynx-7,9,10,12
   - connections with cerebellar and extrapyramidal systems provide the motor cord needed
   - slurred, choppy, indistinct

respiratory function

Question 2

Language

Answer 2

communicating by means of symbols

-cerebral cortex in dominant hemisphere

Question 3

What artery supplies the language centers?

Answer 3

MCA

Question 4

Aphasia

Answer 4

disorder of previously acquired language ability due to a lesion in a cortical language center

Question 5

fluency

Answer 5

ease, facility and quantity of speech regardless of content or meaning

Question 6

comprehension

Answer 6

can follow verbal or written commands

Question 7

repetition the phrase needs to be repeated perfectly true or false

Answer 7

true

Question 8

WHen does imperfect repetition occur?

Answer 8

when there is a lesion in either perisylvian language center (broca’s or wernicke’s) or the connecting arcuate fasciculus

Question 9

paraphasia

Answer 9

abnormal word or syllable substitution

-seen particularly in wernicke’s aphasia

Question 10

neologism

Answer 10

nonsensical or foreign sounding word or phase

Question 11

Broca’s aphasia

Answer 11

posterior inferior frontal lobe lesion in the dominant hemisphere

• fluency is very impaired
• comprehension is relatively preserved
• repetition is imperfect

-often an accompanying right hemiparesis since the lesion may also involve the primary motor cortex

Question 12

Wernicke’s aphasia

Answer 12

posterior superior temporal lobe lesion

-fluency is preserved
-comprehension is impaired
-repetition is imperfect
may think patient is drugged

Question 13

Conduction aphasia

Answer 13

lesion of arcuate fasciculus
-pathway connecting broca’s and wernicke’s

• fluent
• imperfect rep
• comprehension intermediate

Question 14

Global aphasia

Answer 14

extensive lesion that virtually damages the entire perisylvian language region

• severe hemiplegia
• nonfluent
• imperfect rep
• poor comprehension

Question 15

Alexia

Answer 15

posterior parts of dominant hemisphere

impairment of reading when visual cortex is disconnected rom language centers critical for reading

Question 16

Agraphia

Answer 16

posterior parts of dominant hemisphere

-lesion disconnects the motor cortex for the dominant hand from language centers critical for writing

Question 17

Prosody

Answer 17

• semantic and emotional meaning of language as conveyed by changes in pitch, inflection tone or melody
• can convey mood

Question 18

Lesion in non dominant posterior superior temporal lobe-opposite to wernicke’s produces what type of aprosody?

Answer 18

receptive

• doesnt understand
• can’t mimick
• can do

Question 19

Lesion in non dominant posterior inferior frontal lobe opposite to broca’s produces what type of aprosody?

Answer 19

expressive

• can’t do
• can’t mimick
• can understand