Lec 2

Question 1

4 types of youth delinquents:

Answer 1

1. Youth at risk
2. First offenders
3. Habitual offenders
4. Multiple offenders

Question 2

Individual risk factors:

Answer 2

• Social- e.g., amount of aggression showed as a child
• Cognitive- learning disorders, language problems
• Emotional expression/control of anger, empathy
• Biological- interaction o vulnerability x experience (heart rate level, skin conductance, MAOA activity)

Question 3

Familial risk factors:

Answer 3

• Parenting styles
• Parents’ own psychopathology
• Attachment
• Domestic violence
• Maltreatment of child/adolescent
• Sibling delinquency
• Parent/s absent

Question 4

Parenting style on youth:

Answer 4

1. Authoritarian- antisocial behavior
2. Permissive
3. Authoritative- protects against antisocial behavior for girls

Question 5

Extra-familial risk factors:

Answer 5

• Poverty
• Social exclusion & society/peer rejection
• Educational environment
• School failure, grade retention, low intelligence

Question 6

Individual protective factors:

Answer 6

• Low impulsivity
• Easy temperament
• Low levels of ADHD symptoms
• Biological level: high/er:
  
  • Heart rate level
  • Skin conductance arousal
  • Anxiety and shyness
  • MAOA activity → MAOA-H

Question 7

Family protective factors:

Answer 7

• Close relationships to at least 1 parent (also siblings)
• Intensive parental supervision
• Low physical punishment
• Parental disapproval of aggressive behavior/coping skills
• Above-average SES families:
• Many family activities
• Parents model constructive coping
• Positive parental attitudes toward the child’s education

Question 8

Extra-familial protective factors:

Answer 8

School:
   -Good school achievement
   -Stronger bonding to school
   -Forceful work motivation
   -Support and supervision by teachers
   -Clear classroom rules and a positive climate
Peers:
   -Having non-deviant good friends
   -Peers who disapprove of aggression
   -Religious activities
   -Social isolation (temporarily)

Question 9

What SAVRY measures?

Answer 9

SPJ of violence risk in youth

Question 10

What SAPROF-YV measures?

Answer 10

Assessment of protective factors for violence in youth

Question 11

What RS-YV measures

Answer 11

Violence risk scale youth version: broaden the scope for females,

Question 12

What CBCL measures

Answer 12

Child Behavior Checklist

-Screening for psychopathology