lecture 11 - post midterm

Question 1

codominant

Answer 1

both copies of a gene are expressed

Question 2

CD8 T cells do what

Answer 2

eliminate intracellular pathogens

Question 3

2 main types of T cells

Answer 3

CD8 and CD4

Question 4

CD4 T cells do what

Answer 4

modulate the function of other cells (T cells, B cells, macrophages)

Question 5

how do CD4 T cells modulate function of other cells

Answer 5

they release cytokines

Question 6

how are T cells activated

Answer 6

binding of the T cell receptor (TCR)

Question 7

what is a product of rearrangement on a T cell

Answer 7

the T cell receptor

Question 8

what does the T cell receptor interact with

Answer 8

both the peptide and the MHC

Question 9

can a single APC present many different peptides

Answer 9

yes

Question 10

T cell will only be recognized if it recognizes what

Answer 10

both the MHC and the peptide

Question 11

MHC restriction

Answer 11

the T cell will only recognize the antigen when presented on an MHC molecule

Question 12

MHC class 1 is associated with what T cell co receptor

Answer 12

CD8

Question 13

MHC class II is associated with what T cell co receptor

Answer 13

CD4

Question 14

MHC stands for what

Answer 14

Major Histocompatibility Complex

Question 15

why dont we mention MHC class III much

Answer 15

its not antigen presenting

Question 16

class II MHC locus

Answer 16

DP
DQ
DR

Question 17

class I MHC locus

Answer 17

B
C
A

Question 18

why is the MHC locus highly polymorphic

Answer 18

because you want to have as many MHC molecules with different characteristics available for binding peptides

Question 19

polymorphic means what

Answer 19

having many different forms or variants within a population

Question 20

peptides on MHC can be from where

Answer 20

from inside the cell or from endocytosed proteins

Question 21

which class does basically every nucleated cell present

Answer 21

MHC 1

Question 22

CD8 cells kill what

Answer 22

virally infected cells
cancer cells

Question 23

where is MHC II generally found

Answer 23

on cells involved in immune responses

Question 24

professional APC

Answer 24

dendritic cells
B cells
Macrophages

Question 25

when do MHC class 2 cells mature

Answer 25

when they encounter a peptide and present it

Question 26

are B cells specific

Answer 26

yes

Question 27

how do B cells present antigens

Answer 27

they take them up based on their receptors and they are specific

Question 28

what class do B cells have most of

Answer 28

MHC II

Question 29

where do B cells reside

Answer 29

lymph nodes

Question 30

which APC has the lowest levels of MHC II expression

Answer 30

macrophages

Question 31

what APC expresses high levels of MHC II

Answer 31

dendritic cells

Question 32

3 signals required for native T cell interaction and proliferation

Answer 32

signal 1: antigen specific TCR engagement signal 2: contact with costimulatory ligands (CD28/B7) to give context of immune response signal 3: cytokines directing T cell differentiation

Question 33

what provides signal 1

Answer 33

MHC on DC

Question 34

what provides signal 2 and 3

Answer 34

DC by costimulatory ligands (2) and cytokines (3)

Question 35

structure of MHCs

Answer 35

dimers

Question 36

structure of Class 1 MHC

Answer 36

larger a chain smaller B2-microglobulin protein

Question 37

what chain of MHC 1 interacts with peptide

Answer 37

a chain (a1 and a2 domain)

Question 38

how many transmembrane domains in MHC 1

Answer 38

1 (alpha)

Question 39

what part of the MHC class 1 structure is different for everyone

Answer 39

alpha chain

Question 40

is B2-microglobulin transmembrane

Answer 40

no

Question 41

structure of MHC class II

Answer 41

heterodimeric with a 33 kDa a chain and a 28 kDa B chain

Question 42

are both chains transmembrane in MHC class II

Answer 42

yes

Question 43

peptide binding cleft of MHC class II

Answer 43

pairing of a1 and B1 domains

Question 44

what MHC can accommodate larger peptides

Answer 44

MHC class II

Question 45

MHC 1 can accommodate _______ peptide residues

Answer 45

8-11

Question 46

MHC II can accommodate _______ peptide residues

Answer 46

10-30

Question 47

MHC 1 polypeptide chains

Answer 47

a B2 microglobulin

Question 48

where does CD8 bind an MHC molecule

Answer 48

a3 domain

Question 49

MHC II polypeptide chains

Answer 49

a b

Question 50

where does CD4 bind MHC II

Answer 50

CD4 binds to a pocket created by parts of a2 and b2 domains

Question 51

where do MHC 1 and 2 exhibit polymorphism

Answer 51

in the peptide binding cleft

Question 52

are both maternal and paternal MHC genes expressed in offspring cells

Answer 52

yes

Question 53

what are anchor residues

Answer 53

amino acids on the peptide that help it stay bound to MHC

Question 54

class one has ______ ends

Answer 54

closed

Question 55

T cell activation requires what interactions (3)

Answer 55

1. peptide bind MHC 2. peptide bind TCR 3. TCR bind MHC