Lecture 23

Question 1

What is reflexivity?

Answer 1

The researcher’s awareness and recognition of the role they have in shaping the findings of their research

Question 2

What is sampling led by in quantitative research?

Answer 2

By statistical power = need enough participants to detect the hypothesised effect

Question 3

What type of sampling is used in quantitative research?

Answer 3

Random sampling

Question 4

What is sampling led by in qualitative research?

Answer 4

By depth = purposefully choose relevant participants

Question 5

What can purposeful sampling involve?

Answer 5

1. A common experience = e.g. just asking participants about post covid uni, won’t ask parents’ generation
2. Max variance in experience = i.e each participant is very different from the others
3. Snowball sampling = ask participants to recruit people who have the same relevance

Question 6

What are the core ethic principles?

Answer 6

1. Cultural sensitivity
2. Informed Consent
3. Protection from harm
4. Confidentiality

Question 7

What does ethical research challenge?

Answer 7

Ethnocentrism

Question 8

How is research made culturally sensitive?

Answer 8

• Ideally allows participants to identify ethnicity
• In qual researchers are encouraged to reflect on own ethnicities (reflexivity)
• Liaison involves community leaders/members

Question 9

Semi-structured interviews are often….

Answer 9

Emotive and surprising

Question 10

In semi-structured, interviewers have to..

Answer 10

Build rapport and think on their feet

Question 11

In semi-structured interviews, interviewers sometimes have to…

Answer 11

Repair damage and be an active listener

Question 12

What are the two components of informed consent?

Answer 12

1. Informing participants of exactly what’s involved

2. Getting consent

Question 13

What are the three ways of obtaining consent?

Answer 13

1. Signed (consent form)
2. Proxy (signing on behalf of someone who is ‘not competent’)
3. Passive consent (not refusing e.g. children)

Question 14

When is deception used?

Answer 14

• When there’s no alternative

- Important when awareness reduced the effect (experimental research)

Question 15

When is deception never used?

Answer 15

• With children

- In qualitative research

Question 16

What occurs in a debreifing?

Answer 16

• Any deception is disclosed

- Sources of help are offered if needed

Question 17

What are the two important confidentiality practices?

Answer 17

1. Access to data (only researchers/participants)

2. Removal of identifiers (e.g. names/places) from the transcript