- Which physical and perceptual dimensions of sound waves do not belong in the following?
A.
Amplitude
B. Frequency
C. Complexity
D. Duration
D. Duration
- Which structure of the human ear is responsible to changes in vibration form?
A. Pinna
B. Auditory Canal
C. Outer Ear
D. Cochlea
D. Cochlea
3. Where is the high frequency coded in the basilar membrane? A. At the base B. At the APEX C. In the middle D. None of the above
A. At the base
Low frequency is at the APEX
- What waves length absorbs mostly blue light
A. Short waves
B. Medium waves
C. Long waves
D. All of the above
A. Short waves
Red is long waves
Green is medium waves
- What receptive cell/s are involved in the interactions in the retina?
A. On cells
B. Off cells
C. Both a) and b)
D. None of the above
C. Both a) and b)
- Which of the following statements is true about the motor corticospinal pathways?
A. Dorsolateral pathways control proximal muscles
B. Ventromedial pathways control distal muscles
C. Dorsolateral pathways control distal muscles
D. Both a) and b)
C. Dorsolateral pathways control distal muscles
- Cochlear implants have good outcomes for people who
- Suffer hair cell loss; 2. Are born without hair in the cochlear; 3. Have damage to the auditory nerve; 4. Have a pierced ear drum
A. All of the above B. [1] Only C. [1&2] D. [1, 2 & 3] Maybe even A
D. [1, 2 & 3]
- The neurons in the LGN have a centre-surround organisation. When will signals from visual neurons in LGN become inhibitory?
A. The centre is stimulated; but surrounding is not
B. The surrounding is stimulated; but the centre is not
C. When no light stimulation is present
D. When the whole receptive field is stimulated.
C. When no light stimulation is present
9. Which of neural prostheses DO NOT involve surgical implantation? A. Cochlear implants B. The bionic eye C. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) D. All of the above
C. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs)
- What is the perceptual dimension of frequency and complexity?
A. Loudness; pitch
B. Pitch; frequency
C. Pitch; timbre
D. Loudness; timbre
C. Pitch; timbre
Loudness is amplituded
- The dorsolateral pathway is responsible for:
A. Controlling proximal muscles on OPPOSITE side of body.
B. Controlling proximal muscles on BOTH sides of the body.
C. Controlling distal muscles on OPPOSITE side of body.
D. Controlling distal muscles on BOTH sides of body.
C. Controlling distal muscles on OPPOSITE side of body.
12. The “Tympanic membrane” is located in which structure? A. Visual system B. Motor system C. Auditory system D. None of the above
C. Auditory system
- In terms of place coding along the basilar membrane, which statement is correct:
A. High frequency sounds are coded at the apex, while low frequency sounds are coded at the base.
B. High frequency sounds are coded in the middle, while low frequency sounds are coded at each end.
C. High frequency sounds are coded at the base, while low frequency sounds are coded at the apex.
D. High and low frequency sounds are coded in different places along the basilar membrane depending on the intensity.
C. High frequency sounds are coded at the base, while low frequency sounds are coded at the apex.
- Which statement is correct in regards to the age of cochlear implantation evoking cortical auditory potential:
A. The older the age of implantation, the less likely the rate of auditory cortical potential would reach normal range.
B. The younger the age of implantation, the less likely the rate of auditory cortical potential would reach normal range.
C. Cochlear implants implanted between the ages of 1.5 – 2.5 years old will not reach normal auditory cortical potential range.
D. Cochlear implants implanted older than 6.5 years old will reach normal auditory cortical potential range.
A. The older the age of implantation, the less likely the rate of auditory cortical potential would reach normal range.
- In terms of the spectacle mounted bionic eye, which statement is untrue:
A. The implant is tacked onto the optic nerve
B. A camera captures image and sends information to the microprocessor
C. The implant emits pulses through the optic nerve to the brain
D. The implant helps patients whose photoreceptors have been destroyed by disease.
A. The implant is tacked onto the optic nerve
- The ear is broken down into three components, outer middle and inner. There are five important features of the middle and inner ear. Which of the following is correct?
A. Tympanic membrane, round window, cochlea, ossicles, oval window
B. Round window, cochlea, ossicles, oval window, pinna
C. Auditory canal, tympanic membrane, oval window, pinna, ossicles
D. Apex, cochlea, tympanic membrane, pinna, ossicles.
A. Tympanic membrane, round window, cochlea, ossicles, oval window
- The pathways to the auditory cortex involve:
A. Auditory nerve, dorsal cochlear nucleus, inferior colliculous, medial geniculate nucleus, auditory cortex
B. Auditory nerve, cochlear nucleus, superior olivary nucleus, inferior colliculus, medial geniculate nucleus, auditory cortex
C. Ventral cochlear nucleus, superior olivary nucleus, inferior collicus, auditory cortex, medial geniculate nucleus.
D. Dorsal cochlear nucleus, ventral cochlear nucleus, superior olivary nucleus, inferior colliculus, auditory cortex
B. Auditory nerve, cochlear nucleus, superior olivary nucleus, inferior colliculus, medial geniculate nucleus, auditory cortex
- What was the major finding in the study conducted by Zrenner E et al. (2011), which looked at fitting subretinal electronic chips into blind patients.
A. Patients were not able to correctly describe and name objects and that subretinal micro-electrode arrays are not able to create detailed meaningful visual perception in previously blind individuals.
B. Demonstrated that for the first time that subretinal micro-electrode arrays with 1500 photodiodes can created detailed meaningful visual perception in previously blind individuals.
C. Previously blind persons could locate bright objects on a dark table.
D. None of the above.
B. Demonstrated that for the first time that subretinal micro-electrode arrays with 1500 photodiodes can created detailed meaningful visual perception in previously blind individuals.
- In the place coding of a cochlear implant electrode, ———– frequencies are coded closer to the apex and the —————- frequencies are coded closer to the base of the basilar membrane.
A. lower; mid
B. higher; lower
C. mid; higher
D. lower; higher
D. lower; higher
- Was there a critical period for acquiring normal hearing in Moore & Shannon’s longitudinal study (2009), of cochlear implant users?
A. no, there is no relationship between age of implant and acquiring normal hearing.
B. yes, users fitted with the implant below the age of 6 generally acquired normal hearing.
C. yes, users fitted with the implant below the age of 2 generally acquired normal hearing.
D. yes, users fitted with the implant below the age of 14 generally acquired normal hearing.
B. yes, users fitted with the implant below the age of 6 generally acquired normal hearing.
- Which one of the following is in the correct order from light coming into the retina?
A. ganglion cells> bipolar cells > photoreceptor layer
B. on-off cells > bipolar cells > photoreceptor layer
C. photoreceptor layer> bipolar cells > ganglion cells
D. ganglion cells > horizontal cells > photoreceptor layer
A. ganglion cells> bipolar cells > photoreceptor layer
- In the receptive field of a LGN cell, if the light stimulus falls 50% across both an ON centre and OFF surround cells, what will the action potential response be?
A. an increase
B. a decrease
C. convergence
D. no change.
D. no change.
- Zrenner et. al. studied the visual discrimination of a patient with a bionic eye, what type of visual implant did they have and what did they find?
A. subretinal; improved visual pattern discrimination
B. spectacle mounted; improved motion discrimination
C. spectacle mounted; improved pattern discrimination
D. subretinal; improved colour discrimination
A. subretinal; improved visual pattern discrimination
- Which statement is correct?
A. the dorsolateral pathways control proximal muscles.
B. the ventromedial pathways control reaching and grasping
C. the dorsolateral pathways control distal muscles.
D. The ventromedial pathways control the distal muscles.
C. the dorsolateral pathways control distal muscles.
Ventromedial pathway controls proximal muslces on both sides of body (posture, walking)
