What are (4) predisposing factors to pneumonia in the foal?
- Immature lungs
- Immature immune system
- Failure of passive transfer
- Poor hygiene
What is the most common septicemic organism in the foal?
E. coli
What are the clinical signs associated with pneumonia in the foal?
- Tachypnea
- Increased respiratory effort
- Coughing
- Nasal discharge
- Depression
- Anorexia
- Fever
With pneumonia, would you expect a low or high PaO2?
LOW
With pneumonia, what would you expect to find on a CBC?
- Neutrophilia or neutropenia
2. Increased fibrinogen
Which 3 arteries could be used to obtain a sample for arterial blood gas analysis?
- Facial artery
- Dorsal metatarsal artery
- Decubitus artery
What are (5) treatment options for pneumonia?
- Antimicrobials
- Anti-inflammatory drugs
- Intranasal oxygen
- Nebulized saline
- Supportive care
Is Rhodococcus equi gram (+) or gram (-)?
Gram (+)
What type of bacteria is Rhodococcus equi?
Saprophytic
Dissemination of Rhodococcus equi is facilitated by what type of environment?
Dry, dusty environment
At what age are foals susceptible to Rhodococcus equi?
1-6 months of age
What is the primary mode of transmission of a Rhodococcus equi infection?
Inhalation
Which organ system is primarily involved in a Rhodococcus equi infection?
Respiratory system
What type of clinicopathologic abnormalities would you expect on a CBC associated with pneumonia?
- Increased fibrinogen
2. Leukocytosis
What type of clinicopathologic abnormalities would you expect on a biochemistry associated with pneumonia?
Increased globulins
What are (4) antimicrobial treatment options for pneumonia?
- Erythromycin
- Rhifampin
- Clarithromycin
- Azithromycin
