Lesson 1

Question 1

What is the study of animals?

Answer 1

Zoology

Question 2

What makes the study of Zoology important?

Answer 2

It helps us understand animal structure, function, relationships, evolution, ecology, and their impact on humans and the environment.

Question 3

What do most zoologists do?

Answer 3

Specialize in a particular group of animals or a specific aspect of their biology.

Question 4

What is the change in the genetic makeup of populations over time called?

Answer 4

Organic Evolution

Question 5

What two things does Organic Evolution explain?

Answer 5

1. How diversity of animal structure and function arose.
2. Family relationships within the animal kingdom.

Question 6

What do evolutionary processes explain in animals?

Answer 6

Their structure and function.

Question 7

Which fish species has mouths curved right or left, showing evolutionary adaptation?

Answer 7

Scale-eating cichlids (Perissodus microlepis)

Question 8

What does animal classification reflect?

Answer 8

A hierarchy of relatedness among species

Question 9

Who developed the two-part naming system for species?

Answer 9

Karl von Linne (1707–1778)

Question 10

What is the two-part naming system of organisms called?

Answer 10

Binomial nomenclature

Question 11

What is the scientific name of the scale-eating cichlid?

Answer 11

Perissodus microlepis

Question 12

What is the study of the relationships between organisms and their environment?

Answer 12

Ecology

Question 13

Why is understanding ecology important?

Answer 13

Failure to understand it leads to detrimental consequences such as species extinction and ecosystem damage.

Question 14

Which species caused cichlid extinction when introduced into Lake Victoria?

Answer 14

Nile perch (Lates niloticus)

Question 15

What were the ecological consequences of introducing the Nile perch?

Answer 15

Extinction of many cichlid species, decreased water quality, and deforestation

Question 16

What global factor stresses all natural resources?

Answer 16

Overpopulation

Question 17

What environmental problems result from overpopulation?

Answer 17

Climate change, deforestation, water shortages, and extinction of species

Question 18

What is considered the root cause of most environmental problems?

Answer 18

Overpopulation

Question 19

What is the projected global population by 2050?

Answer 19

9.3 billion

Question 20

Study of the structure of entire organisms and their parts

Answer 20

Anatomy

Question 21

Study of the structure and functions of cells

Answer 21

Cytology

Question 22

Study of the interaction of organisms with their environment

Answer 22

Ecology

Question 23

Study of the development of an animal from the fertilized egg to birth or hatching

Answer 23

Embryology

Question 24

Study of the mechanisms of transmission of traits from parents to offspring

Answer 24

Genetics

Question 25

Study of tissues

Answer 25

Histology

Question 26

Study of subcellular details of structure and functions

Answer 26

Molecular Biology

Question 27

Study of animals that live in or on other organisms at the expense of the host

Answer 27

Parasitology

Question 28

Study of the function of organisms and their parts

Answer 28

Physiology

Question 29

Study of the classification of, and the evolutionary interrelationships among animal groups

Answer 29

Systematics

Question 30

Study of insects

Answer 30

Entomology

Question 31

Study of amphibians and reptiles

Answer 31

Herpetology

Question 32

Study of fishes

Answer 32

Ichthyology

Question 33

Study of mammals

Answer 33

Mammalogy

Question 34

Study of birds

Answer 34

Ornithology

Question 35

Study of protozoa

Answer 35

Protozoology