Lesson 2 Evolution

Question 1

Genes

Answer 1

Units of inheritance
Parents to offspring
Makes up DNA

Question 2

Evolution vs biological evolution

Answer 2

Change over time vs change over populations (natural selection)

Question 3

Diversity and unity

Answer 3

Universal genetic language
(Prokaryotes and eukaryotes)

Question 4

Random luck and evolution

Answer 4

Random occurrences can allow certain organisms to be benefited and therefore thrive

Question 5

Natural selection ( 4 steps )

Answer 5

Offspring
Struggle for survival
Certain individuals survive better
They reproduce
Change over generations

Question 6

What does NS require ?

Answer 6

Heritable traits
Populations
Depends on environment

Question 7

Survival fitness

Answer 7

Ability to reproduce

Question 8

Before Darwin

Answer 8

Aristotle
Bible
Linnaeus (taxonomy)
Fossils (strata)
Cuvier(catastrophism)
Hutton (gradualism)
Lamarck(use and disuse)

Question 9

Darwin evolution ( inspiration )

Answer 9

Malthus’s essay ( struggle for survival)
Lyell’s geology (grad/catas.) older Earth than bible bc of slow changes
Artificial selection
Data from islands and mainland

Question 10

Evidence for Darwin’s theory

Answer 10

Natural selection at work
Homology
Convergent evolution
Biogeography
Fossils

Question 11

Homology anatomy

Answer 11

Similarities in the anatomy of organisms suggesting common ancestry

Question 12

Homology development

Answer 12

Similarities in development at early stages suggesting common ancestry

Question 13

Homology molecular

Answer 13

Universal genetic code and sequence of amino acids in proteins and of neucleotides in DNA

Question 14

Convergent evolution

Answer 14

Not common ancestry
Similar evolution in organisms around the world

Question 15

biogeography

Answer 15

suggests a common ancestor adapts to various environment
species are more related to other organisms around them
Pangea
islands allow for species to be more unique because of isolation

Question 16

fossil records

Answer 16

fossils suggests that organisms used to be different and evolved
prokaryotes are shown to be oldest form of life