MICROPARA > M7 INTRO > Flashcards

M7 INTRO Flashcards

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1
Q

VIRUSES

small infectious agents:
size

A

20 to 300nm

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2
Q
  • Small infectious agents (20 to 300 nm)
  • Contain only one kind of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)
  • Obligate intracellular parasites (they cannot replicate outside the cells)
  • Responsible for a number of dreadful diseases in humans like Spanish flu (1918), Polio, SARS, Ebola, COVID-19 Pandemic (2020)
  • Called as filterable agents (they can pass through the membrane filter)
A

VIRUSES

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3
Q

VIRUSES

contain what kind of nucleic acid

A

either DNA or RNA but never both

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4
Q

VIRUSES

type of parasites in terms of replication

A

obligate intracellular

they must enter a cell to replicate

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5
Q

VIRUSES | TYPES OF SYMMETRY

determines the symmetry

A

CAPSID

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6
Q

VIRUSES | TYPES OF SYMMETRY

20 triangular phases

A

cubic symmetry with icosahedral pattern

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7
Q

VIRUSES | TYPES OF SYMMETRY

symmetry is coils

A

helical symmetry

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8
Q

VIRUSES | TYPES OF SYMMETRY

with complicated symmetry

A

complex structures

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9
Q

VIRUSES | VIRAL PROTEINS

  • Facilitate transfer of the viral nucleic acid
  • Protect the genome
  • Attachment of the virus particle
  • Determine structural symmetry
A

STRUCTURAL PROTEINS

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10
Q

VIRUSES

  • Determines the antigenic characteristics of the virus
  • Some viruses carry enzymes to initiate viral replication
A

VIRAL PROTEINS

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11
Q

VIRUSES | VIRAL PROTEINS

Determines the ____ of the virus

A

ANTIGENIC CHARACTERISTICS

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12
Q

VIRUSES | VIRAL PROTEINS

Some viruses carry enzymes to ____

A

INITIATE VIRAL REPLICATION

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13
Q

VIRUSES

DNA virus
RNA viruses

A

viral nucleic acids

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14
Q

VIRUSES | VIRAL PROTEINS

what protects the genome

A

CAPSID

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15
Q

VIRUSES | VIRAL NUCLEIC ACIDS

  • can be single- or double- stranded
  • only agent that can be single- or double-stranded
A

DNA virus

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16
Q

VIRUSES | VIRAL NUCLEIC ACIDS

  • as a single molecule or in several pieces (segmented);
  • e.g., influenza and rotauis virus (segmented)

in pieces

A

RNA viruses

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17
Q

VIRUSES | VIRAL NUCLEIC ACIDS

____ RNA can directly undergo translation

A

positive

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18
Q

VIRUSES

  • A lipid-containing membrane that surrounds some virus particles.
  • It is acquired during viral maturation by a budding process through a cellular membrane
  • contain glycoproteins
A

VIRAL ENVELOPE

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19
Q

VIRUSES | VIRAL ENVELOPE

A ____ that surrounds some virus particles

A

LIPID-CONTAINING MEMBRANE

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20
Q

VIRUSES | VIRAL ENVELOPE

It is acquired during viral maturation by a ____ through a cellular membrane

A

BUDDING PROCESS

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21
Q

VIRUSES | VIRAL ENVELOPE

contains ____

Study These Flashcards
A

GLYCOPROTEINS

22
Q

VIRUSES | VIRAL REPLICATION

Not all infections lead to a ____

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A

PROGENY VIRUS

23
Q

VIRUSES | VIRAL ENVELOPE

viruses that do not have envelope

24
Q

VIRUSES | VIRAL ENVELOPE

all ____ viruses have envelope

25
# **VIRUSES | VIRAL ENVELOPE** **icosahedral**
either enveloped or naked
26
# **VIRUSES | VIRAL REPLICATION** a **new** viral particle **formed after replication**
PROGENY VIRUS
27
# **VIRUSES | VIRAL REPLICATION** ____ result in the **production** of **progeny virus**
PRODUCTIVE INFECTIONS
28
# **VIRUSES | VIRAL REPLICATION** ____ **fail to produce** infectious **progeny**
ABORTIVE INFECTIONS
29
# **VIRUSES | VIRAL REPLICATION** STEPS IN VIRAL REPLICATION
1. **Attachment** 2. **Penetration** 3. **Uncoating** 4. **Expression** of Viral Genomes and **Synthesis** of Viral Components Maturation virion 5. **Morphogenesis** (or maturation) and **Release**
30
# **VIRUSES | VIRAL REPLICATION** a **mature** viral particle
VIRION
31
# **VIRUSES | VIRAL REPLICATION** **Attachment** of a **virion** to a s____ on a cell
SPECIFIC RECEPTOR SITE
32
# **VIRUSES | VIRAL REPLICATION** Penetration by ____
RECEPTOR-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS
33
# **VIRUSES | VIRAL REPLICATION** **direct** penetration or **fusion** with ____ envelop
PLASMA MEMBRANE
34
# **VIRUSES | VIRAL REPLICATION** in **PENETRATION**, the virus will be **enclosed** in an ____
endosome
35
# **VIRUSES | VIRAL REPLICATION** where the **viral nucleic acid** is **physically separated** from its **protein coat**
UNCOATING
36
# **VIRUSES | VIRAL REPLICATION** MORPHOGENESIS & RELEASE: **Non-enveloped** viruses are released by
LYSES
37
# **VIRUSES | VIRAL REPLICATION** MORPHOGENESIS & RELEASE: **Enveloped** viruses are released by
BUDDING
38
# **VIRUSES | VIRAL REPLICATION** **morphogenesis** is also called
maturation
39
# **VIRUSES | VIRAL REPLICATION** viruses **can replicate** in ____ or ____ of the **host cell**
nucleus or cytoplasm
40
* a virus that can **infect bacteria** * has **head** & **tail**
bacteriophage
41
# **VIRUSES | VIRAL REPLICATION** Viral replication **process** of **BACTERIOPHAGE**
Attachment Penetration (**DNA is injected**) Biosynthesis Maturation Release
42
# **VIRUSES | ATYPICAL VIRUS-LIKE AGENTS** composed of a viral nucleic acid and proteins but **cannot replicate without a helper virus**, which provides a **missing action**
DEFECTIVE VIRUSES
43
# **VIRUSES | VIRAL NUCLEIC ACIDS** ____ RNA **cannot** directly undergo **translation**
negative
44
# **VIRUSES | ATYPICAL VIRUS-LIKE AGENTS** an example of **defective virus**
HEPATITIS D
45
# **VIRUSES | ATYPICAL VIRUS-LIKE AGENTS** what is the **helper virus** of **Hepatitis D**
Lepa B adenovirus
46
# **VIRUSES | ATYPICAL VIRUS-LIKE AGENTS** * contain the **host's DNA** **instead** of the **viral DNA** within the **capsid** * **can infect** but **cannot replicate**
PSEUDOVIRIONS
47
# **VIRUSES | ATYPICAL VIRUS-LIKE AGENTS** an example of **pseudovirion**
Lepa B adenovirus
48
# **VIRUSES | ATYPICAL VIRUS-LIKE AGENTS** * consist **solely** of a **single molecule** of **circular RNA** **without** a **protein coat** or **envelope** * targets **plants**
VIROID
49
# **VIRUSES | ATYPICAL VIRUS-LIKE AGENTS** * **Infectious** particles that are composed **solely** of **proteins** with **no detectable nucleic acid** * **TSF** diseases
PRIONS
50
# **VIRUSES | ATYPICAL VIRUS-LIKE AGENTS** * "**viruses-infecting bacteria**" * **Transmissible** spongiform encephalopathies
BACTERIOPHAGE
MICROPARA
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