regular rectangular coordinates of P are
(x, y)
the polar coordinates of P are
(r, θ)
if r > 0, it’s measured aong the ray of the
terminal side of θ
if r
opposite ray
x =
rcosθ
y =
rsinθ
r²=
x² + y²
unlike the case involving rectangular coordinates, each point in the plane can be named by an …. of polar coordinates
infinite number
in general, a point in the plane represented by (r, θ) can also be represented by … or … where n is an integer
(r, θ + 2πn); (-r, θ + (2n - 1)π)