MDD

Question 1

What proportion of people suffer with depression?

Answer 1

1/20, 5%

Question 2

Give 5 of the symptoms of MDD

Answer 2

• loss of interest/pleasure
• difficulty sleeping
• guilt/worthlessness
• impaired concentration
• recurrent thoughts of death/suicide

Question 3

What should MDD symptoms NOT be caused by in order for it to be MDD?

Answer 3

• subs abuse
• bereavement
• mania/hypomania
• psychotic episode

Question 4

What are some of the other depressive disorders that fall within MDD? (3)

Answer 4

• DMDD
• Subs use disorder
• Premenstrual dysphoric disorder

Question 5

The cause of MDD is considered to be an interplay between: (3)

Answer 5

• social factors
• psychological factors
• genetic factors

Question 6

Outline the social risk factors for MDD (4)

Answer 6

• female gender
• divorce
• unemployment
• education and SES have mixed effects

Question 7

Outline the Psychological risk factors of MDD (3)

Answer 7

• comorbid conditions (GAD and Personality Ds especially)
• intimate partner violence
• experience of child abuse
• the interaction of psych factors with social factors

Question 8

Outline the genetic risk factors of MDD (3)

Answer 8

• 30-50% heritability
• specific gene loci found to code for dep when bad
• Genetic factors alone v unlikely to cause MDD - needs interaction

Question 9

Outline the various treatments for MDD

Answer 9

Medical:
- SSRIs and SNRI’s
- electroconvulsive therapy

Psych:
- CBT (MBCT, BA)
- Interpersonal

Social:
- comm involvement
- support groups

Lifestyle:
- sleep
- diet
- exercise
- mindfulness