Melasma

Question 1

What is melasma?

Answer 1

Melasma is a common form of localized hyperpigmentation of the skin.

Question 2

What are the main factors involved in the development of melasma?

Answer 2

It results from an interplay between hormonal factors and UV light exposure.

Question 3

In which group of people is melasma more common?

Answer 3

It is more common in women, although it can also occur in men.

Question 4

During which conditions or treatments is melasma most likely to appear?

Answer 4

During pregnancy, in women taking oral contraceptives, and in menopausal women.

Question 5

How does melasma typically appear on the skin?

Answer 5

As tan or brown hyperpigmented macules and patches.

Question 6

What are the common sites of melasma?

Answer 6

The cheeks, forehead, and upper lip.

Question 7

What is the most important preventive measure in melasma?

Answer 7

Regular sunscreen use to protect against UV-induced pigmentation.

Question 8

What topical medication can be used at night to treat melasma?

Answer 8

A topical retinoid, which promotes skin renewal and lightens pigmentation.

Question 9

Which topical agent may provide short-term improvement in melasma?

Answer 9

Hydroquinone combinations, used only for short periods due to potential side effects.

Question 10

When should a patient with melasma be referred to a specialist?

Answer 10

If the condition is persistent or severe, refer to a dermatologist for further management.