Colour
Black
Budding
Early
Ripening
Mid –> grapes can be picked before autumn rain
Diseases
Coulure, drought, botrytis bunch rot –> sorting –> reduce yields
Soil
Ripens on cooler soils with large clay content. Water holding capacity of clay –> large berries. Reaches high sugar levels –> high potential alcohol –> becoming less advantageous with warmer climate.
Flavour profile
Medium to pronounced intense fruit (strawberry, red plum, herbal (cool years), cooked blackberry, black plum (hot years)), medium tannins, medium to high alcohol.