Metals

Question 1

Where does metal come from and effects

Answer 1

metal comes from metal ores, it destroys habitats andf takes a huge amount of energy to process. Metal is mostly easy to recycle - but requires a lot of energy

Question 2

Non-ferrous definition

Answer 2

does not contain iron and do not rust, but can still corrode

Question 3

Ferrous definition

Answer 3

a metal containing mostly iron and carbon, they are magnetic but will rust and can be treated or coated to avoid this. The more carbon the harder it is but more brittle

Question 4

Alloys definition

Answer 4

alloys are mixed metals and desired properties can be applied for different purposes

Question 5

Aluminium properties and uses

Answer 5

Prop - lightweight, malleable, corrosion resistant
Uses - cans, bike frames, window frames

Question 6

Copper properties and uses

Answer 6

Prop - malleable, ductile, electrical/thermal conductor
Uses - electrical wire, water pipes, printed circuits, cookware

Question 7

Zinc properties and uses

Answer 7

Prop - low mp, corrosion resistant
Uses - galvanising steel as protective coating. buckets, gates

Question 8

Titanium properties and uses

Answer 8

Prop - hard, strong, high resistance to corrosion
Uses - joint replacements, spacecrafts, bicycles

Question 9

Tin properties and uses

Answer 9

Prop - ductile, malleable, corrosion resistant, soldered
Uses - solder, coating for food cans

Question 10

Mil steel properties, uses and composition

Answer 10

Prop - ductile, high tensile strength, poor corrosion resistant, tough
Uses - nuts, bolts, screws, car bodies, gates
Com - 0.15-0.29% carbon

Question 11

Carbon steel properties, uses and composition

Answer 11

Prop - very strong, very hard, resistant to abrasion
Uses - hand tools, screwdrivers, hammers, springs, garden tools
Com - up to 1.5% carbon

Question 12

Cast iron properties, uses and composition

Answer 12

Prop - hard outer skin but brittle core, good under compression
Uses - machine parts, manhole covers
Com - iron and 4% carbon

Question 13

Stainless steel properties, uses and composition

Answer 13

Prop - tough, hard, corrosion resistant
Uses - sinks, kitchenware, cutlery
Com - iron, chromium, nickel, magnesium

Question 14

Non-ferrous metals examples

Answer 14

aluminium, copper, zinc, titanium, tin

Question 15

Ferrous metals examples

Answer 15

mild steel, carbon steel, cast iron

Question 16

Ferrous alloys metals examples

Answer 16

stainless steel, brass, duralumin

Question 17

Duralumin properties, uses and composition

Answer 17

Prop - good strength to weight ratio, very hard, very tough, machines and casts well, not corrosion resistant, becomes brittle
Uses - vehicle structures, precision tools, engine parts
Com - aluminium, copper, magnesium

Question 18

Brass properties, uses and composition

Answer 18

Prop - cast and machined
Uses - decorative metal work, musical instruments,
Com - copper, zinc

Question 19

How to harden and temper carbon steel

Answer 19

carbon steel is heated to red heat 900 degrees and quenched in water so becomes very hard but also very brittle. Then it needs to be tempered by cleaning with an emery cloth until shiny and reheat slowly. A thin line of oxide will appear and change colour with heat and quench in water

Question 20

How to case harden steel

Answer 20

it is used for low carbon steel and carbon is added to the outer surface of the steel with heat and quench in water. this means the inner core is still relatively soft

Question 21

How to anneal metal

Answer 21

annealing is used to soften the metal so it can be cut and shaped more easily. Heat the metal and then allow it to cool slowly

Question 22

How to normalise metal

Answer 22

it is done on ferrous metals that have been hardened and in order to return to their original state heat until cherry red and allow to cool