micronutrients functions

Question 1

calcium

Answer 1

• main component of hydroxyapatite which makes strong bones and teeth
  -calcium ions in the blood are required to make nerves and muscles work correctly and help blood clot after injury

Question 2

magnesium

Answer 2

• essential for cell metabolism
• involved in vitamin D metabolism
• used by many enzymes to make them work
• needed for metabolism of ATP, DNA , and ,RNA

Question 3

phosphorus

Answer 3

• strong bones and teeth ( component of hydroxyapatite
• found in atp, dna, rna
• energy release
• important element of cell membranes as phospholipids, especially in the brain

Question 4

potassium

Answer 4

• k+ ions needed for functions of all cells, especially nerve cell function, particularly in heart muscle

Question 5

sodium

Answer 5

• Na + ions are the main electrolyte in extracellular fluid
• controls pressure and volume of fluids in body
• make nerves and muscles work properly

Question 6

iron

Answer 6

• makes haemoglobin in red blood cells to carry oxygen to all body cells to produce energy
• involved in function of many enzymes

Question 7

iodine

Answer 7

• makes thyroxin in thyroid gland to control metabolic rate of body

Question 8

fluoride

Answer 8

• strengthens tooth enamel and bones

Question 9

chromium

Answer 9

• involved in insulin metabolism

Question 10

cobalt

Answer 10

• part of vitamin B12 - cyanocobalamin

Question 11

copper

Answer 11

-part of vitamin b12 - cyanocobalamin

Question 12

manganese

Answer 12

• co factor for wide range of enzymes in growth and development
• antioxidant

Question 13

molybdenum

Answer 13

• co factor for some enzymes

Question 14

selenium

Answer 14

• co factor for some antioxidant enzymes
• involved in metabolism of thyroid hormones, immune function, reproductive function