Migration- EQ1

Question 1

4 Types of migrant

Answer 1

Economic Migrant
Refugee
Asylum Seeker
Irregular migrant

Question 2

Impact of globalisation on migration?

Answer 2

Created new push and pull factors

Question 3

Two trends of migration

Answer 3

Rural->Urban in developing countries
International migration between interconnected countries

Question 4

4 Patterns of movement?

Answer 4

Rich -> Rich
Poor -> Rich
Next nearest country
Colonial links

Question 5

What push & pull factors caused China’s Rural-Urban migration?

Answer 5

Push: Mechanisation in agriculture
Pull: Higher wages, Better QoL, Global shift in manufacturing

Question 6

Issues with China’s Rural-Urban migration?

Answer 6

Hukou system creates a floating population, denied access to:
-Healthcare
-Housing
-Education

Question 7

3 Parts to Lee’s model (1966)

Answer 7

Origin
Intervening obstacles
Destination

Question 8

3 Benefits of Lee’s model?

Answer 8

Does not isolate push-pull factors
Looks at attributes for each place
Decisions are based on personal factors

Question 9

3 Reasons level of international migration varies between countries?

Answer 9

Migration Policies (Singapore resident system)
Levels of engagement in global economy (Singapore on the straight of Malacca)
Internal economic growth (Singapore Tiger economy)

Question 10

3 Developments of international migration over time?

Answer 10

Europe -> New World
Africa -> Americas (Slave Trade)
Developing countries -> Europe (Economic Migrants)

Question 11

4 Reasons why people move?

Answer 11

Conflict
Environment
Economic
Skills gaps

Question 12

5 Theories of movement?

Answer 12

Neoclassical Economic Theory
Dual Labour Market Theory
New Economics of Labour Migration
Relative Deprivation Theory
World Systems Theory

Question 13

Neoclassical Economic Theory?

Answer 13

Wage differences cause migration from low to high wage countries
E.g Poland -> UK

Question 14

Dual Labour Market Theory?

Answer 14

Developed countries bring migrants to fill unwanted low-kill jobs
E.g India -> UAE

Question 15

New Economics of Labour Migration?

Answer 15

Flows and patterns cannot be explained via push and pull due to complexity (Geopolitics, etc)
Remittances from family can help improve their lives

Question 16

Relative Deprivation Theory?

Answer 16

Income Differences
Successful migrants get better
Serves as an example
Encourages further migration

Question 17

5 Social reasons why people move?

Answer 17

Family
Retirement
Health
QoL
Education

Question 18

4 Economic reasons people move?

Answer 18

Jobs
Wages
Income Differences
Prospects

Question 19

3 Political reasons people move

Answer 19

Persecution
War
Asylum seeking

Question 20

3 Environmental reasons people move?

Answer 20

Floods
Droughts
Natural disasters

Question 21

6 Costs of migration

Answer 21

Increased congestion
Inc Pop’n density
Higher taxes for services
Wage stagnation
Non-Adoption of host culture
Shared loyalties of groups (E.g Religion)

Question 22

3 Benefits of internal movement?

Answer 22

Better QoL
Move to where jobs are
Fills skills gaps

Question 23

3 Benefits of no internal movement?

Answer 23

Less pressure in some areas
Counteracts aging in centain areas
Stronger community

Question 24

6 Factors that impact rates of assimilation?

Answer 24

Government Policies
Speaking local language
Religious & Cultural similarities
Residence times
Already muti-racial/multicultural society
Dominance of ethnic enclaves