Migration- EQ2

Question 1

What is a Nation State?

Answer 1

A political entity that has sovereignty over it’s territories

Question 2

3 Factors determining national borders?

Answer 2

Physical geography
Historical Events
Colonial History

Question 3

4 Factors that fuel contested borders?

Answer 3

Desire to unite culturally (Serbia, Armenia)
Gain access to resources (Greenland)
Absorb other territories (Russia)
Superpower involvement

Question 4

7 Reasons why borders are contested?

Answer 4

Lack of clarity (E.g No mountain range)
Debate whether a border exists (Taiwan)
Colonialism (Africa)
Natural resources (Greenland)
Political boundaries splitting similar groups (North & South Korea)
Historical decisions (India-Pakistan)
End of the USSR

Question 5

What is Nationalism?

Answer 5

The shared feeling for a special, significant geographical area

Question 6

6 Reasons for post-Colonial conflict?

Answer 6

Ethnic conflicts (Bosnia)
Colonial favouritism (Bantu- Rwanda)
Colonial borders (Iraq)
Bad political leadership (Nigeria, Sudan)
Corruption (Sudan)
External debt burden (Ethiopia)

Question 7

5 Aspects of the “New international economic order”

Answer 7

Countries can:
Regulate and control TNC’s in their territory
Nationalise property on their terms
Set up associations of primary commodities, like OPEC
Able to benefit from stable and fair prices for materials
Free economic and technological assistance

Question 8

How has globalisation created tax havens?

Answer 8

Increased the movement of capital between countries
Companies move to countries with low tax regimes
Countries act as tax havens for their profits

Question 9

3 Services tax havens offer?

Answer 9

Permit business transactions to take place in secret
Encourage tax avoidance
Evasion of financial regulations

Question 10

3 Examples of tax havens?

Answer 10

British Virgin Islands
Ireland
Switzerland

Question 11

3 Positives of tax havens for governments

Answer 11

Creates tax revenue (In the tax haven)
Attracts FDI
Diversifies economy

Question 12

3 Negatives of tax havens for the government?

Answer 12

Loss of tax (Outside the tax haven)
Economic inequality
Regulatory challenges

Question 13

5 Positives of tax havens for TNC’s

Answer 13

Reduces tax liabilities
Privacy
Asset protection
Ease of business startup
Legal benefits

Question 14

4 Negatives of tax havens for TNC’s?

Answer 14

Reputation
Complex compliance
Economic impact
Potential changes in the law

Question 15

4 Benefits to individuals of tax havens?

Answer 15

Increase in wages
Asset protection
Lack of taxes
Lower levels of unemployment

Question 16

3 Negatives to individuals of tax havens?

Answer 16

Cost of living
Increasing inequality
Fall in quality of public services

Question 17

3 Key principles of capitalism?

Answer 17

Land resources and capital are privately owned
Majority of people work for a wage
Markets mediate between producers and consumers