1
Q
The Global Business Environment
A
- Companies are no longer limited to their local markets.
2
Q
Why are design, manufacturing, materials, assembly, service, etc., being carried out in different parts of the world?
A
- Inexpensive labor
- Knowledge
- International policies
3
Q
What are the consequences of globalization?
A
- As a company’s market expands, so do the number and types of firms with which it competes.
- Has put pressure on companies to be more efficient and effective, part of which involves developing strategies to tightly integrate their operations.
4
Q
What is the information revolution?
A
- Increased use of information and communication technologies (ICT) – such as the internet and computer-based information systems – to create, delivery, and use information.
- Allows global enterprise to share information quickly and coordinate business processes.
5
Q
Knowledge Worker
A
- Increasing dependence on information to do their work.
- Uses ICT to create, acquire, process, synthesize, disseminate, analyze, and use information.
- non routine, non repetitive
- Uses structured and unstructured information from multiple sources.
- Must have a thorough understanding of the business processes that occur across different areas of the company (i.e., the big picture)
6
Q
Examples of a knowledge worker and their key skills
A
- Examples: sales executive, production managers, product managers, financial analysts
- Key skills: Strategic thinking ( big picture, process view), information literacy (find and use needed information), communication and collaboration (project teams)
7
Q
Examples of a task worker
A
- Customer service representatives, accounting clerks, insurance claims processor
- Very routine, narrowly focused, and structured
8
Q
A basic procurement process
A
- Warehouse - create requisition (purchase requisition)
- Purchasing - create and send purchase order (purchase order)
- Warehouse - receive shipment (packing list, goods receipt document)
- Accounting - receive invoice (invoice), send payment (payment)
9
Q
A basic production process
A
- Warehouse - request production (planned order)
- Production - authorize production (production order, material withdrawal list)
- Warehouse - issue raw material game (material withdrawal slip)
- Production - create product (production order)
- Warehouse - receive finished goods (goods receipt)
10
Q
A basic fulfillment process
A
- Sales - receive customer inquiry (customer inquiry), create and send quotation (quotation)
- Sales - receive customer purchase order (customer purchase order), create sales order (sales order)
- Warehouse - prepare shipment “pick and pack” (picking document), send shipment “ship” (packing list)
- Accounting - create and send invoice (invoice), receive payment (payment)
11
Q
What is the functional structure?
A
- The most common organizational structure.
- Organization is divided into common functions, or departments, each of which is responsible for a set of loosely related activities.
12
Q
How are processes completed successfully in the functional structure?
A
- Each functional group must execute its individual steps in the process.
13
Q
Why is the is the functional structure the most common organizational structure?
A
- Easier to manage people and the activities they perform.
- Allowed groups to perform one activity very well.
14
Q
What is the silo effect?
A
- When workers complete their task in their functional areas in “silos” without regard to the consequences for the other components of the process.
- Tendency to view work in terms of functional silos rather than in terms of cross-functional processes can lead to poor coordination between functional areas.
- The silo nature of the functional organizational structure conflicts with the cross-functional nature of processes
15
Q
What are consequences of the “silo effect”?
A
- Delays (increased lead times, increased cycle times)
- Excess inventory (stocking extra inventory “just in case”)
- Lack of visibility across the process (status of how the process in other parts of the organization, how the process is performing over time)
16
Q
Process using enterprise systems
A
- Sales - receive customer order (enter/update data)
- Warehouse - prepare shipment (enter/update data), send shipment (enter/update data)
- Accounting - send invoice (enter/update data), receive payment (enter/update data)
17
Q
What is the physical flow in a business process?
A
- The physical activities associated with a process
18
Q
What is the data and document flow in a business process?
A
- The data (dates, quantities, locations, etc.) associated with each process.
- Data is often found in documents (purchase orders, invoices, etc.) that are created or modified throughout different steps of the process.
- Each time the physical steps in a process are executed, data and documents are created or modified.
19
Q
What is the information flow in a business process?
A
- When data from each instance of the process, as well as at an aggregate level, is accumulated and organized in a manner that is meaningful and useful (monthly sales report, etc.)
20
Q
Roles of ES in organizations (execute the process)
A
- Inform people when it is time to complete a task.
- Provide data necessary to complete the task.
- Provide the means to complete the task.
21
Q
Roles of ES in organizations (capture and store process data)
A
- Some data is generated and automatically captured by system.
- Other data is generated outside the system and must be entered into it.
22
Q
Roles of ES in organizations (monitor performance)
A
- Instance level information (a specific task or activity)
- Aggregate level information (process as a whole)
23
Q
Roles of ES in organizations
A
- Execute the process
- Capture and store process data
- Monitor performance
MIS Test 2
flashcards
Decks in class (6)
# Cards
