missed class stuff

Question 1

whatis a palindrome

Answer 1

when a sequence in dna is mirrored and repeated on the complementary strand

Question 2

what is a mirror repeat

Answer 2

it is when a sequence in DNA is exactly mirrored on the same strand

Question 3

what is a hair pin

Answer 3

when a strand has complementary base pairs on the same strand and the base pairs come together to form a hairpin loop

Question 4

can mirror repeats form hair pins

Answer 4

no, they do not have complementary sequences in the same strand and thus cannot form a hairpin or cruciform

Question 5

what is a cruciform

Answer 5

when a hairpin structure forms on the complementary and parent strands in a cross form

Question 6

what does SDS-PAGE stand for

Answer 6

Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate PolyAcrylamide Gel Electrophoresis

Question 7

what is a stacking gel

Answer 7

it contains a lower % of acrylamide, a different pH, and wells for holding samples

Question 8

what is a resolving gel

Answer 8

it is where most of the gel and protein separation occurs, it has a higher % of acrylamide

Question 9

what is the purpose of a discontinous gel

Question 10

What DNA form has C3’ endo

Answer 10

A DNA

Question 11

Which DNA form has C2’ endo

Answer 11

B DNA

Question 12

what are the endo positions for Z DNA

Answer 12

pyrimidines are anti and C2’ endo
puriens are syn and C3’ endo

Question 13

what is a primary sturcture of nucleic acids

Answer 13

covalent structure and nucleotide sequences
- directionality, 5’ to 3’

Question 14

what is the secondary structure of nucleic acids

Answer 14

regular/stable structure taken by some/all nucleotides
- how monomers interact with one another

Question 15

what is the tertiary structure of nucleic acids

Answer 15

complex folding of large chromosomes or the elaborate folding of tRNA or rRNA structures
- this describes how elements fold back onto eachother

Question 16

what are the general features of RNA

Answer 16

• right handed helix
• dominated by base stacking interactions

-an base pair with complementary regions of RNA or DNA in a anti-parallel fashion

Question 17

what stabilizes RNA

Answer 17

the base stacking interactions, especially between purines

Question 18

is the structure of double stranded RNA exactly like DNA

Answer 18

no, it is a A-for of DNA, right handed helix with mismatched/unmatched bases that create bulges and internal loops between palindromic sequences

Question 19

what is a palindromic sequence

Answer 19

itis where DNA sequences are mirrored and repeated on complementary strands

these sequences come together to form double hair pins or cruciforms