John Bowlby - attachment theory
- alternative attachment theory
- infants programmed by evolution
Mary Ainsworth - attachment theory
- attachments vary in character
- strange situation procedure
- three patterns: secure, anxious - ambivalent , avoidant
- secure attachment infants displayed resilience, leadership
attachment theory and human development
tension among: dependency, interdependency and autonomy shape and inform personality and development
attachment theory and biopsychosocial approach
- identifies key role that care givers have in promoting security
- formulation of relationships
Piaget’s cognitive theory
four stages of cognitive development:
- sensorimotor (0-18 months)
- pre operational stage (18 months - 6 years)
- concrete operational stage (7-11 )
- formal operational stage (11 +)
Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory
- cognitive development is socially mediated
- zone of proximal development
- social interaction
- potential skill range
- individual skill range
- individual leader
Dewey’s experiential learning theory
- development can be directed and can be directed towards society goals
- difference between education and actual experience
Social Learning Theory
the influence of models of behaviour in guiding and shaping the behaviours of others
Cognitive behaviourism
operant and classical conditioning does not describe and explain what happens in a learners mind
6 cognitive dimensions:
- encodings
- expectancies
- affects
- goals and values
- cognitive competencies
- self regulatory plans
Psychomotor Development - McGraw’s critical periods
- binocular vision 0-3
- language 6 m - 3 years
- intrapersonal skills 2-5
- interpersonal skills 3-6
Systems theory
individual develops within a multilayered system of relationships
Eriksons 8 life stages
- Oral-sensory birth - 18 months
- Muscular anal 18 m - 3
- Locomotor 3-6
- latency 6-12
- Adolescence 12-18
- Young Adulthood 19-40
- Middle Adulthood 40-65
- Maturity 65+
