characteristics of onset of adolescence
- physical and psychological changes of puberty
- social changes
characteristics of end of adolescence
- living independently
- financially independent
- relationships
characteristics of physical maturation
- height spurt
- maturation of reproductive system
- secondary sex characteristics
- increased muscle strength
- redistribution of body weight
HPG Axis
effects of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland and gonads
HPA Axis
complex set of influences and feedback interactions among the hypothalamus, pituitary gland
secular growth trend
represents the decrease over time in the average at which physical maturation takes place
motor performance skills
- balance
- flexibility
- mature bilateral coordination
- isolated finger movements
- smooth arm movements
- precisely calibrate
Brain development
Piaget’s theory of formal operational thought (use operations to manipulate and modify thoughts)
- transformations in conscious thought, reasoning, and problem solving
frontal lobe development in adolescence
- doesnt cease maturing until early 20’s
- impulsivity, judgement, planning
Formal Operations: Decentering
is gaining some objectivity over one’s own point of view
Psychological Consequences of Non - Normative Puberty
- isolated
- more stress
- emotional distress
- higher levels of substance abuse
- poor body image
cognitive processes that supports gender identity formation
- group representation
- group operations
- reflective thinking about groups
crisis
identity v role diffusion
