-what the learner needs to learn
Learning Needs
-when the learner is receptive to learning
Learning readiness
-how the learner best learn
Learning style
gaps in knowledge that exist between a desired level of performance and the actual level of performance
gap or difference between what someone knows and what someone needs to know due to lack of knowledge, attitudes or skills
Learning Needs
asking open ended questions where the learner may reveal information regarding their perceived learning needs
Informal Conversation or Interviews
-asks some predetermined questions to gather information regarding learning needs
-answers may reveal uncertainties, anxieties fear, unexpected problems and present knowledge base
-questions may include “what does your illness/health mean to you?’; “What are your strength and weaknesses
Structured Interviews
o Given to identify the knowledge level of the potential of the learner
o Help in evaluating whether learning has taken place by comparing pretest with the post-test scores
Written Pretests
o Observation over a period of different times may help determine or check established patterns of behavior
o To be able to transfer one’s skills, knowledge, values and attitudes to the learner is a teacher’s ultimate gauge of success.
Observation of Healthy Behaviors/ Change for the Better
● learning needs that must be immediately met since they are life threatening or needed for survival
Mandatory
● promote well-being and are not life-dependent
Desirable
● “nice to know” learning needs which are not directly related to daily activities
Possible
● time when the learner/patient is “willing to learn” or is receptive to information
● point in time when the learner is most receptive to a teaching situation
Learning Readiness
What are the four types of readiness to learn?
Physical Readiness, Emotional Readiness, Experiential readiness, Knowledge readiness (PEEK)
what type of learning style describes the following?
understand from seeing pictures and other
illustrations
Visual
indicate how people learn in uniquely
different ways and are also used interchangeably with cognitive styles
Learning Styles
what type of learning style describes the following?
Good listener, good ability to transform
words into pictures
Auditive
what type of learning style describes the following?
Learn through reading and writing
Read/Write
what type of learning style describes the following?
Emotional, wants to touch, learning by doing
Kinesthetic
“These are ways in which an individual processes
information or different approaches or methods of learning.”
“The habitual manner in which learners receive and perceive information, process it, understand it, value it, store and recall it.” (de Young, 2003).
“The characteristic strengths and preferences in the ways that learners take in and process information” (R. Felder)
Learning Style
- look at the global or big picture immediately
and are interested in the “gist” of things, the
essence or the general idea - look at the broad categories first before
going into details, they think deductively.
Holistic (global) Thinkers
- think logically and objectively, looking at the details first.
Analytic Thinkers
- represent in their minds what they read, see or hear as in terms of words or verbal associations
Verbal Learners
- experience in their minds what they read, see or hear as mental pictures or images.
Visual Learners
learning from feeling and involvement or actual experience
Concrete Experience (CE)
