MODULE 4.10: PATIENT STABILIZATION

Question 1

Patient should be stabilized as thoroughly as possible before surgery. True or False?

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Occasionally, stabilization is impossible and surgical intervention must be done rapidly. Before induction of anesthesia, what must be done first?

Answer 2

Fluid deficit replacements and correcting acid-base balance and electrolyte abnormalities

Question 3

Some anesthetics are primarily metabolized by the kidneys, and if there is any question of the patient’s renal function, choosing a drug that is not primarily metabolized by the kidneys should be considered. True or False?

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Patient history, clinical signs, physical examination findings, electrolytes and total CO2 are helpful in identifying _____ _____ (Blood pH, PaO2, and bicarbonate concentration may be measured to determine the extent of such abnormalities)

Answer 4

acid-base abnormalities

Question 5

If the animal is acidemic (arterial pH <7.2) efforts to optimize _____ and _____ should be instituted

Answer 5

ventilation; capillary perfusion

Question 6

As a result of production and retention of CO2 in the tissue, correcting base deficits with _____ without concurrent ventilation and hemodynamic support may be detrimental as most acidotic patients do not require _____ administration.

Answer 6

NAHCO3-

Question 7

Patients with cleft palate, nasal cavity is cleaned, adm. of ____, ____ ____ for several weeks presurgery may reduce infection and improve wound healing.

Answer 7

antibiotics; enteral hyperalimentation

Question 8

Preoperative parenteral or enteral hyperalimentation sometimes is recommended to improve ____ ____ before surgery.

Answer 8

Nutritional status

Question 9

The lungs should be evaluated for ?

Answer 9

Crackles or wheezes

Question 10

The heart should be auscultated for ?

Answer 10

Murmurs or arrhythmia

Question 11

CVS and RS should be assessed by evaluating ? (Hint: 4 answers)

Answer 11

• Pulse quality and rate
• Respiratory rate and effort
• Mucous membrane color
• Capillary refill time (CRT) - should be < 2 seconds

Question 12

Diminished heart or lung sounds suggest the presence of ?

Answer 12

• Space-occupying pleural ds.
• Diaphragmatic hernia

Question 13

_____ _____ should be given to animals that appear to be in respiratory distress or have other signs of oxygen deprivation.

Answer 13

Oxygen therapy