MODULE 4.11: OXYGEN THERAPY

Question 1

What are the signs of hypoxia?

Answer 1

• Dyspnea
• Cyanosis
• Tachycardia
• Tachypnea
• Postural changes
• Anxiety and/or CNS depression

Question 2

Patients can be hypoxic without showing signs of cyanosis because _____ of deoxygenated Hgb must be present in the circulation before cyanosis can be detected.

Answer 2

> 5g/dL

Question 3

The patient must have a PCV of approx. ___ to have 5 g/dl of Hgb.

Answer 3

15%

Question 4

This is a useful short-term method to provide supplemental O2.

Answer 4

Face mask

Question 5

With Oxygen flow rate of ____ to ____ L/min and a well-fitted mask,, FiO2 of ____ to ____ may be achieved.

Answer 5

6 to 10; 0.35 to 0.55

Question 6

Face mask is not tolerated with what conditions?

Answer 6

• Severely dyspneic animals
• If cat is the px
• Brachycephalic dogs

Question 7

How do you make an alternative of face mask?

Answer 7

An alternative is to create an oxygen rich environment by using an Elizabethan collar covered with plastic wrap with an oxygen tube secured through the collar and a small hole is done to allow elimination of CO2.

Question 8

This is used when more prolonged oxygen delivery is desired than can be achieved with flow-by or face mask techniques.

Answer 8

Nasal catheter

Question 9

____ ____ can be used in animals particularly brachycephalic breeds, which will not tolerate an intranasal catheter.

Answer 9

Nasotracheal tubes

Question 10

What are the advantages of nasal catheter?

Answer 10

• It permits the access to the patient loss of the oxygen-rich environment
• Well tolerated
• Bilateral catheters can improve patient comfort

Question 11

What is the disadvantage of nasal catheter?

Answer 11

High gas flow rates are associated with: patient discomfort, nasal turbinate desiccation, and airway constriction

Question 12

What is the recommended initial therapeutic dose (unilateral) for nasal catheter?

Answer 12

50 to 100 ml/kg per min

Question 13

This is the easiest way to provide oxygen supplementation in an emergency situation.

Answer 13

Flow-by-oxygen

Question 14

In flow-by-oxygen, the oxygen line is placed within ___ to ___ cm of the patient’s nose and mouth, which creates a small area where the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2 ) is increased

Answer 14

1 to 3

Question 15

What is the disadvantage of flow-by-oxygen?

Answer 15

Requires a care provider to be present to hold the oxygen line; not practical

Question 16

This provides a sealed environment in which FiO2 ambient temperature and humidity can be controlled.

Answer 16

O2 cage

Question 17

What is the major disadvantage of O2 cage?

Answer 17

It isolates the patient from the clinician because each time the oxygen door is opened., loss of the oxygen-rich environment occurs