module 5

Question 1

What is Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development?

Answer 1

• 8 age-related stages of development from infancy to late adulthood
• emphasis on conflicts/crises at different stages
• each stage has issue: if not resolved before onset of next stage, person continues to struggle w/ it

Question 2

What is the 1st stage in Erikson’s theory?

Answer 2

basic trust vs. mistrust (yr 1):

• issue: developing sense of trust in caregivers
• if trust not established, have difficulty w/ intimate relationships later in life

Question 3

What is the 2nd stage in Erikson’s theory?

Answer 3

autonomy vs. shame & doubt (1-3.5 yrs):

• issue: achieve sense of autonomy while adjusting to increasing social demands
• establishing independence challenging b/c parents respond by restricting children
• supportive atmosphere: self-control w/o loss of self-esteem & sense of autonomy
• subject to punishment/ridicule: doubt abilities

Question 4

What is the 3rd stage in Erikson’s theory?

Answer 4

initiative vs. guilt (4-6 yrs):

• issue: achieve balance b/w initiative & guilt
• internalise parent’s rules
• feel guilt when not following rules
• development of conscience
• parents not highly controlling/punitive: high standards & initiative to meet them w/o being crushed by worry abt not being able to measure up

Question 5

What is the 4th stage in Erikson’s theory?

Answer 5

industry vs. inferiority (6 to puberty):

• ego development
• master cognitive/social skills & ability to cooperate w/ peers
• successful: sense of competence
• failure: excessive feelings of inadequacy/inferiority

Question 6

What is the 5th stage in Erikson’s theory?

Answer 6

identity vs. role confusion (adolescence to early adulthood):

• sense of identity
• resolve who they really are/face confusion
• successful resolution results in identity achievement