The 2 most common mental health disorder in canada are……
Anxiety disorders and depressive disorders
Prevalence of depression and anxiety in Canada, sex difference treatment rates
in 2013 around 3 million Canadians (11 percent) reported that they live with an anxiety or mood disorder. Almost a quarter of them report they they havent saught treatment in the last twelve months
- more prevelant in females vs males
Rates of depression vs anxiety
The rates of depression and anxity are similar among youth and the general population
- one study found that 10.2 percent of candaian youth have experienced a depressive disorder and 12.1 percent have experienced an anxiety disorder
Signs and symptoms associated with anxiety
Emotional, behavioural, cognitive
emotional: feeliing on edge, physical, feeling irritable, not fully enjoying things
Physical signs and symptoms: restlesness, chest tightness, msucle tension, shortness of breath, headache, tummy problem, sweaty palms, butterflies, change in appetite, fatigue
Cogntiive signs and symptoms : apprehension (sense something bad will happen), overworry, distracted
nehavioural signs and symptoms: avoidance of feared situations, short temper, difficulty sleeping, difficulty concentrating, distracted by worries, forgetfulness
Signs and symptoms associated with depression
cognitive, physical, emotional
Emotional: feeling sad, non reactive mood, feeling despair, loos of enjoyment of normally enjoyable experiences
Physical signs and symptoms: changes in sleep, changes in aoetitie, slowed in movement, agitated,restless, pain, headaches
behavioural: withdrawal from friends and fam, satying in missing class or work
cognitive: guilt, suicidal thoguhts, hopelesness, difficulty concentrating, pessimism, thinking over past memories, indecisve, negative thinking
4 main indicators of stress vs mental health disorder
Disproportional reaction- severity or intensity of symptoms and level of distress are disproportionate to the situation
Time- symptoms are persistent for an extended period of time/past the stressor
Impairment- symptoms are associated with impairments and interfered with day-today-life
Out of character- others notice the person does not seem themsleves or is off
Aspects of a mental disorder diagnosis
Symptoms may indicate a concern; however, conditions require assessment by a professional who takes into account the entire person *life course, family history, current context, and symptoms.
Things like academic problems, relationship problems, substance misuse, family history, exercise are all taken into account during assesment and diagnosis of concern/disorder
6 factors taken into account in diagnsotic assesment
DFSTOS
Developmental history- learning, communication or neuromotor problems, childhood adversity
Family history- to identify predisposition or genetic and familial vulnerability
Symptoms- course of distressing and impairing symptoms (chronic or episodic) and relationship to context or stressors
Treatment- response or worsening to any treatment tried or other problems that may be contributing
Other factors- lifetsyle (exercise, recreation), misuse of alcohol, recreational/illicit drugs, current stressors
Relational and social factors- nature of relationships, social connectedness, environment
