MSK

Question 1

Shoulder Abductor Muscle Substitution

Answer 1

• Scapular Stabilizers
  
  • Reverse Scapulothoracic Rhythm

Question 2

Hip Flexors Muscle Substitution

Answer 2

• Lower Abdominals
• Lwer Obliques
• Hip Adductors
• Latissimus Dorsi

Question 3

Salter-Harris Fracture Classification

II

Answer 3

• Entire Epiphysis and Portion of Metaphysis
• Caused by shear or avulsion w/ angular force
• Most common type

Question 4

Common Sites of Fractures

Answer 4

• Thoracic/Lumbar Spine
• Femoral Neck
• Proximal Humerus
• Proximal Tibia
• Pevis
• Distal Radius

Question 5

Visceral Referral Pain from Esophagus

Answer 5

Midback

Question 6

Common Areas of TOS

Answer 6

• Superior thoracic outlet
• Scalene triangle
• Between clavicle and first rub
• Between pectoralis minor and thoracic wall

Question 7

Medial Collateral Ligament

Answer 7

• Posterior fibers blend w/ capsule
• Taut in extension
• Slackened in flexion
• Prevents ER
• Runs in same direction as ACL

Question 8

Scoliosis Treatment

Conservative

Answer 8

Curvature >25

Question 9

Visceral Referral Pain from Midthoracic Spine Pain

Answer 9

Esophageal Pain

Question 10

Bankart’s Lesion

Answer 10

Avulsion of anteroinferior capsule

and ligaments associated w/ glenoid rim

Question 11

Typical Coupling Patterns

Femur

Answer 11

• Femur ER and Tibia ER

Question 12

Visceral Referral Pain from Colon, Appendix, or Pelvic Viscera

Answer 12

Pelvis, Low Back, or Sacrum

Question 13

Scoliosis Treatment

Surgery

Answer 13

Curvature >45

Question 14

Visceral Referral Pain from Liver, Diaphragm, or Pericardium

Answer 14

Shoulder

Question 15

Hill-Sachs Lesion

Answer 15

Compression fracture of posterior humeral head

Question 16

Internal (Posterior) Impingment

Answer 16

Irritation between rotator cuff

and greater tuberosity or posterior glenoid and labrum

Question 17

Visceral Referral Pain from Gallbladder, Stomach, Pancreas, Small Intestine

Answer 17

Midback/Scapular Regions

Question 18

Pectoralis Major Muscle Substitution

Answer 18

• Long Head of Biceps
• Coracobracialis
• Anterior Deltoid

Question 19

Typical Coupling Patterns

Lumbar Spine

Answer 19

• Lumbar Flexion and Ilial Posterior Rotation
• Lumbar Extension and Ilial Anterior Rotation

Question 20

Salter-Harris Fracture Classification

III

Answer 20

• Portion of Epiphysis
• Occurs when growth plate is partially fused
• Rare, most common in distal tibia of adolescents

Question 21

Scoliosis Treatment

Bracing

Answer 21

Curvature 25-45

Question 22

Anterior Cruciate Ligament

Answer 22

• Attaches to anterior intercondylar fossa of tibia to medial aspect of lateral condyle of femur
• Limits forward gliding of tibia on femur
• IR of tibia during flexion

Question 23

Typical Coupling Patterns

Fibula

Answer 23

• Supination of Foot and Cranial/Anterior Glide of Fibular Head

Question 24

Typical Coupling Patterns

Tibia

Answer 24

• Tibial ER and Upward glide of talus/Supination of foot

Question 25

Hip Extensor Muscle Substitution

Answer 25

* Lower Back Extensors * Adductor Magnus * Quadratus Lumborum

Question 26

Typical Coupling Patterns Pelvis

Answer 26

* Unilateral Ilial Posterior Rotation and Hip ER

Question 27

Salter-Harris Fracture Classification I

Answer 27

* Entire Epiphysis * Caused by shearing, torsion, or avulsion forces

Question 28

Salter-Harris Fracture Classification IV

Answer 28

* Similar to Type III * Common in distal humerus

Question 29

Femoral Angle of Inclination

Answer 29

* Normal: 115-125 * Coxa Valga: \>125 * Coxa Vara: \<115

Question 30

Myositis Ossificans

Answer 30

* Abnormal calcification w/in muscle belly * Common locations: * Quadriceps * Brachialis * Biceps Brachii

Question 31

Hip Abductor Muscle Substitution

Answer 31

* Lateral Trunk Muscles * TFL

Question 32

Salter-Harris Fracture Classification V

Answer 32

* Compression injury of epiphyseal plate * Compression or cursh injury * No epiphyseal or metaphyseal fracture

Question 33

Requirements for full shoulder elevation

Answer 33

* Scapular Stabilization * Inferior glide of humerus * ER of humerus * Rotation of clavicle at SC * Scapular abduction and lateral rotation of AC joint * Straightening of thoracic kyphosis

Question 34

SLAP Leison

Answer 34

Tearing of superior glenoid labrum from anterior to posterior

Question 35

Lateral Collateral Ligament

Answer 35

* Taut in extension * Slackened in flexion * Prevents ER * Runs same direction as PCL

Question 36

Posterior Cruciate Ligament

Answer 36

* Attaches to posterior intercondylar fossa of tibia and lateral surface of femoral medial condyle * Limits posterior displacement of tibia on femur

Question 37

Femoral Neck Angle

Answer 37

* Anteriorly 10-15 * Anteversion: \>25-30 * Retroversion: \<10

Question 38

Finger Flexion Muscle Substitution

Answer 38

* Contraction of Wrist Extensors * Tenodesis

Question 39

Most Common GH Dislocation

Answer 39

Anterior-Inferior Direction