MSK III

Question 1

synarthrosis

Answer 1

immovable
strong

Question 2

amphiarthrosis

Answer 2

slightly movable

Question 3

diarthrosis

Answer 3

freely movable
less strong

Question 4

synarthrosis joints

Answer 4

sutures
gomphosis
synchonrosis
synostosis

Question 5

sutures

Answer 5

joints found only in the skull
all synarthrotic (immobile)

Question 6

gomphosis

Answer 6

fibrous joint between teeth and jaw bones

Question 7

synchondrosis

Answer 7

joint where bones are connected by cartilage

Question 8

synostosis

Answer 8

bony fusion joint between two bones
fusion of the three coxal bones

Question 9

amphiarthrosis joints

Answer 9

syndesmosis
symphysis

Question 10

syndesmosis

Answer 10

ligaments that connect two bones but limit their motion
ex. radius and ulna, tibia and fibula

Question 11

symphysis

Answer 11

bones separated by a wedge or pad of cartilage
ex. between the pubic bones of the two coxal bones (pubic symphysis)

Question 12

all synovial joints have six basic characteristics

Answer 12

1. joint capsule
2. articular cartilage
3. joint cavity with synovial fluid
4. synovial membrane
5. accessory structures
6. sensory nerves and blood vessels

Question 13

joint capsule

Answer 13

a fibrous sac that encloses the joint and provides stability

Question 14

articular cartilage

Answer 14

smooth, slippery tissue that covers the ends of bones in synovial joints

Question 15

joint cavity with synovial fluid

Answer 15

lubricates the surfaces of the articular cartilages and reduces friction, nourishes the chondrocytes, acts as a shock absorber

Question 16

synovial membrane

Answer 16

a specialized connective tissue that lines the inner surface of the joint capsule

Question 17

cartilages and fat pads

Answer 17

fibrocartilaginous or adipose tissue-based structures that provide joint cushioning and increase stability

Question 18

ligaments

Answer 18

Tough bands of fibrous connective tissue that
connect bones to other bones

Question 19

tendons

Answer 19

Fibrous connective tissue structures that connect muscles to bones

Question 20

bursa

Answer 20

small, fluid filled sac present in some joints that acts as cushion to reduce friction

Question 21

enthesis

Answer 21

where tendon attaches to bone

Question 22

hinge

Answer 22

uniaxial, flx/ext

Question 23

pivot

Answer 23

uniaxial, rotation
atlanto-axial

Question 24

gliding

Answer 24

flat or slightly curved surfaces move against each other

non-axial, sliding movements
intercarpal joints

Question 25

saddle

Answer 25

each bone is concave in one direction and convex in the other biaxial, flx/ext, add/abd thumb CMC

Question 26

condyloid

Answer 26

oval shaped projection of one bone fits into elliptical cavity of another biaxial, flx/ext, add/abd wrist

Question 27

TMJ

Answer 27

temporomandibular joint synovial joint consists of the condylar process of the mandible and the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone

Question 28

intervertebral joints

Answer 28

known as zygapophyseal (facet) joints for controlled spinal movement adjacent vertebral bodies are separated by intervertebral discs

Question 29

costochondral joints

Answer 29

between ribs and costal cartilage primary cartilaginous joints (synchondroses) no synovial cavity or ligaments allow slight movement during respiration

Question 30

costovertebral and costotransverse joints

Answer 30

costovertebral joints: articulation between head of the rib and the demifacets on the thoracic vertebral bodies costotransverse joints (only in ribs 1-10): articulation between the tubercle of the rib and the transverse process of the corresponding vertebra

Question 31

proximal radio-ulnar joint

Answer 31

articulates the head of the radius with the radial notch of the ulna annular ligament: connects the head of the radius of the ulna

Question 32

capometacarpal joints

Answer 32

metacarpals to the distal carpals 1st CMC: saddle type synovial joint most mobile CMC 2-5th CMCs: plant type synovial joint, limited gliding movement

Question 33

SI joint

Answer 33

sacroiliac joint sacrum and iliac bones amphiarthrosis, synovial joint with fibrous capsule shock abruption, load stabilization, pelvic stability

Question 34

hip joint

Answer 34

synovial acetabular labrum: ring of fibrocartilage that depends the socket of the acetabulum the articular capsule

Question 35

popliteal ligament

Answer 35

femur to the head of the tibia and head of the fibula