Neuro

Question 1

MS clinical manifestations (4)

Answer 1

Optic neuritis
Myelitis
Brainstem syndrome
Cerebellar syndrome

Question 2

NMO description

Answer 2

Auto immune demyelinating disease

Question 3

NMO manifestation

Answer 3

No brain involvement.
More myelitis

Question 4

How long to wait for a non cardiac elective procedure after a stroke/TIA?

Answer 4

At least 6 months, ideally 9 months

Question 5

What is a strategy for cognitive performance in patients with MS?

Answer 5

Cognitive rehab

Question 6

CT myelography vs MRI in myelopathy

Answer 6

CT myelography sees only compressive causes and MRI sees compressive and intrinsic

Question 7

Myoclonic vs tonic clonic seizure

Answer 7

Myoclonic is a jerking or shaking for less than 1 sec and not followed by postictal

Question 8

What are secondary causes of intracranial hypertension

Answer 8

Tetracyclines, retinue acid, progesterone and estrogen supplements

Question 9

What is the only preventive pharmacological therapy for tension headache

Answer 9

Amitriptyline

Question 10

What’s the medication to use after aneurysmal subarachnoid bleeding

Answer 10

Nimodipine: improved neurological outcomes

Question 11

Causes of peroneal mononeuropathies

Answer 11

Compression due to leg crossing, weight loss and trauma

Question 12

What’s the CSF test for prion disease

Answer 12

Real time quaking-induced conversion assay

Question 13

CSF 14-3-3 and tau ptn are markers of?

Answer 13

Neurodegeneration and neuronal loss

Question 14

Findings of optic neuritis

Answer 14

Eye pain with movement, unilateral visual deficit and afferent pupillary defect

Question 15

Central retinal artery occlusion manifestation

Answer 15

Painless, acute, altitudinal defect (not diffuse or central)

Question 16

Characteristics of traumatic encephalopathy syndrome

Answer 16

Repetitive head impacts, cognitive impairment and progressive course (can happen years after the exposure to trauma)

Question 17

Behavioral variant of FTD

Answer 17

Alteration of personality and behavior develops years before the cognitive impairment

Question 18

Corticobasal degeneration

Answer 18

Parkinson plus syndrome that is basically a severely asymmetric Parkinsonism plus fixed dystonia, Myoclonic, cortisol sensory deficits, apraxia and cognitive deficits

Question 19

Progressive supranuclear palsy

Answer 19

Parkinson’s plus: symmetric Parkinsonism, postural instability with early falls and vertical oculomotor deficit

Question 20

Mitochondrial myopathy

Answer 20

Fluctuating weakness, ophthalmoplegia, multiorgan symptoms. All offspring of mothers will inherit

Question 21

Medication to improve hair speed and endurance in patients with relapsing-remitting MS

Answer 21

Dalfampridine

Question 22

Treatment of trigeminak autonomicak cephalgias

Answer 22

Subcutaneous triptan (not nasal) and oxygen inhalation

Question 23

Focal motor aware seizure vs Myoclonic seizure

Answer 23

The first one is a rythmic and repetitive movement, the second is a one second brisk movement

Question 24

Management for a < 12 mm brain aneurysm

Answer 24

Serial annual MRIs

Question 25

Surgical indications for metastatic spinal cord compression

Answer 25

Younger than 65, single area of compression, paraplegia for less than 48h and survival for > 6 mo

Question 26

When to discontinue MS disease modifying therapy

Answer 26

For patients who have been non ambulatory for 2 or more years

Question 27

Treatment option for behavioral symptoms of FTD

Answer 27

SSRI

Question 29

Good add on option for dyskinesia related to carbidopa-levodopa

Answer 29

Amantadine

Question 30

What’s the specific NMO antibody

Answer 30

Aquaporin 4

Question 31

NMO vs MS

Answer 31

Although NMO may present with symptoms that are similar to multiple sclerosis, distinguishing features include bilateral (rather than unilateral) optic neuritis and longitudinally extensive (rather than segmental) myelitis

Question 32

Treatment for tardive dyskinesia

Answer 32

Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 inhibitor: valbenazine, tetrabenazine

Question 33

Safest anti-seizure medication in pregnancy

Answer 33

Lamotrigine, levetiracetam and oxcarbazepine

Question 34

Anti-seizure for older adults

Answer 34

Lamotrigine, gabapentin and levetiracetam

Question 35

Refractory essential tremor treatment

Answer 35

DBS (not only Parkinson’s!)

Question 36

Atypical bell palsy

Answer 36

Do brain MRI!

Question 37

Parkinson’s with dementia vs lewy body dementia

Answer 37

Parkinson’s with dementia: Parkinson’s symptoms start 2 years before

Question 38

Patient on donepezil and falling/bradycardia

Answer 38

Stop the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor