NPTE > Neuro Things > Flashcards

Neuro Things Flashcards

(46 cards)

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1
Q

Superficial Reflex: Abdominal
(Spinal Level, Procedure, Response)

A
  • T8-L1
  • Stroke (brisk & light) stomach from all quadrants towards umbilicus
  • Contract abdominals, deviation of umbilicus in direction of stimulus
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2
Q

Superficial Reflex: Corneal / Blink
(Spinal Level, Procedure, Response)

A
  • CN V & CN VII
  • look up and away, stroke one cornea
  • both eyes blink
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3
Q

Superficial Reflex: Cremasteric
(Spinal Level, Procedure, Response)

A
  • L1-L2
  • scratch skin of upper medial thigh
  • elevation of ipsilateral testicle
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4
Q

Superficial Reflex: Gag
(Spinal Level, Procedure, Response)

A
  • CN IX & X
  • stimulate back/both sides of throat
  • gag
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5
Q

Superficial Reflex: Plantar
(Spinal Level, Procedure, Response)

A
  • L5-S1
  • Stroke lateral aspect of foot; heel to ball of foot + across base of toes
  • Toe flexion (babinski is abnormal for adults)
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6
Q

Deep Tendon Reflex: Biceps
(Spinal Level, Response)

A
  • C5 & C6
  • elbow flexion
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7
Q

Deep Tendon Reflex: Brachioradialis
(Spinal Level, Response)

A

C5 & C6
Elbow flexion & forearm supination

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8
Q

Deep Tendon Reflex: Triceps
(Spinal Level, Response)

A

C6 & C7
Elbow extension

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9
Q

Deep Tendon Reflex: Patellar
(Spinal Level, Response)

A

L3 & L4
Knee Extension

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10
Q

Deep Tendon Reflex: Achilles
(Spinal Level, Response)

A

S1 & S2
Plantar Flexion

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11
Q

DCML: input of what? (4)

A

Proprioception
Vibration
Two-point discrimination
Graphesthesia

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12
Q

STT: input of what? (4)

A

Crude touch
Pressure
Pain
Temperature

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13
Q

CST: output of what? (4)

A

Voluntary movement
Discrete movement
Skilled movement
Fine movement

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14
Q

Superficial Sensory Exam (3)

A

Temperature
Light Touch
Pain

Aka STT

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15
Q

Deep Sensory Exam (3)

A

Proprioception
Vibration
Kinesthesia

Aka DCML

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16
Q

Cortical Sensory Exam (5)

A

Bilateral Simultaneous Stimulation
Stereognosis
Two-Point Discrimination
Barognosis
Localization of Touch

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17
Q

Kinesthesia

A

Identify direction and extent of movement of a joint or body part

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18
Q

Proprioception

A

Identify static position of body part or extremity

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19
Q

Stereognosis

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A

Identify object

20
Q

Barognosis

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A

Perceive weight of different objects

21
Q

Akinesia

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A

Inability to initiate movement; commonly seen in patients with Parkinson’s disease

22
Q

Ataxia

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A

Inability to perform coordinated movements

23
Q

Clasp-knife Response

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A

A form of resistance seen during range of motion of a hypertonic joint where there is greatest resistance at the initiation of range that lessens with movement through the range of motion

24
Q

Cogwheel Rigidity

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A

A form of rigidity where resistance to movement has a physic quality to it; often seen with Parkinson’s disease

25
Fasciculation
A muscular twitch that is caused by random discharge of a lower motor neuron and its muscle fibers; suggests LMN disease/can be benign
26
Hemiballism
Involuntary and violent movement of a large body part
27
Lead Pipe Rigidity
A form of rigidity where there is uniform and constant resistance to a range of motion; often associated with lesions of the basal ganglia
28
Brunnstrom’s Stages of Recovery - Stage 1
No volitional movement initiated
29
Brunnstrom’s Stages of Recovery - Stage 2
The appearance of basic limb synergies, the beginning of spasticity
30
Brunnstrom’s Stages of Recovery - Stage 3
The synergies are performed voluntarily; spasticity increases
31
Brunnstrom’s Stages of Recovery - Stage 4
Spasticity begins to decrease; movement patterns are not dictated solely by limb synergies
32
Brunnstrom’s Stages of Recovery - Stage 5
A further decrease in spasticity is noted with independence from limb synergy patterns;complex movement combos
33
Brunnstrom’s Stages of Recovery - Stage 6
Isolated joint movements are performed with coordination; spasticity disappears
34
Brunnstrom’s Stages of Recovery - Stage 7
Normal motor function is restored
35
Flexor Synergy of Upper Extremity
Scapula - elevated, retracted Shoulder - abducted, externally rotated Elbow - flexed Forearm - supinated Wrist - flexed Thumb & Fingers - flexed with adduction
36
Extensor Synergy of Upper Extremity
Scapula - depressed and protracted Shoulder - internally rotated and adducted Elbow - extension Forearm - pronation Wrist - extension Thumb & Fingers - flexion with adduction
37
Flexor Synergy of Lower Extremity
Hip - abduction and lateral rotation Knee - flexion Ankle - dorsiflexion with supination Toes - extension
38
Extensor Synergy of Lower Extremity
Hip - Extension, medial rotation and adduction Knee - extension Ankle - plantar flexion with inversion Toes - flexion and adduction
39
Rancho Los Amigos - Level 1
No Response Completely unresponsive to stimuli
40
Rancho Los Amigos - Level 2
Generalized Response Reacts inconsistently and non-purposefully to stimuli
41
Rancho Los Amigos - Level 3
Localized Response Reacts specifically, but inconsistent to stimuli, may follow simple commands
42
Rancho Los Amigos - Level 4
Confused-Agitated Bizarre behavior, heightened activity, unable to cooperate, verbalizations are incoherent/inappropriate, confabulation
43
Rancho Los Amigos - Level 5
Confused-Inappropriate Responds to simple commands, gross attention to environment, highly distractible, verbalization is inappropriate, confabulation, unable to learn new
44
Rancho Los Amigos - Level 6
Confused-Appropriate Goal-directed behavior, dependent on external input/direction, follows simple directions, responses are appropriate but may be incorrect
45
Rancho Los Amigos - Level 7
Automatic-Appropriate Appropriate and oriented, automatic routine/robot-like, little to no confusion, able to recall and carryover, judgement remains impaired
46
Rancho Los Amigos - Level 8
Purposeful-Appropriate Recall and integrate past and recent events, aware of and responsive to environments, shows carryover, no supervision once activity is learned
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