odisha

Question 1

where is odisha located?

Answer 1

a state in south-east india, bordering the bay of bengal

Question 2

how large is the state?

Answer 2

9th largest by size, 11th largest by population

Question 3

how long is the coast?

Answer 3

480km

Question 4

how many deltas are there on the coast?

Answer 4

6

Question 5

what is a delta?

Answer 5

a river which flows into the sea

Question 6

give 5 opportunities for human occupation and development

Answer 6

1. chilika lake has 150 species, allowing for shrimp farming - under population threat
2. offshore wind and tidal farming
3. mineral extraction
4. gas and seabed mining
5. tourism due to beaches

Question 7

give 3 risks to human occupation and development

Answer 7

1. high levels of erosion, residential areas are vulnerable
2. sea level rise
3. accretion in summer due to seasonal change - alters landscape, threatening infrastructure

Question 8

what is accretion?

Answer 8

the build up sediment at a coast

Question 9

what km of the coastline is a mangrove forest?

Answer 9

259km

Question 10

what is an ICZM?

Answer 10

integrated coastal zonal management - dynamic process which aims to promote sustainable management of coasts

Question 11

what is a mangrove?

Answer 11

plants and tree adapated to live in coastal sea water

Question 12

how much carbon does a magrove store in odisha per ha?

Answer 12

1500 tons

Question 13

give 5 importances of mangroves

Answer 13

1. high carbon content
2. provides environmental protection, reducing risk
3. cleans the ocean, reducing mangroves
4. flood barriers
5. prevent erosion

Question 14

give 2 threats to mangroves

Answer 14

1. deforestation
2. firewood use

Question 15

give 2 reasons why odisha needs an integrated coast zonal management

Answer 15

1. frequent intense tropical cyclones
2. degradation of mangroves

Question 16

give 3 findings of the assesment of the odisha coast

to make the iczm

Answer 16

1. accreting mainly found in the north of coastline, near deltas
2. most erosion in the south
3. shoreline is extremely dynamic, inflow pattern determines shape of coastline

Question 17

give 3 strengths of the ICZM approach

Answer 17

1. integrated approach : combines ecological restoration, engineered shelters, community action rather than single fixes
2. higher funding improved local capacity and maintenance
3. improved early warning system, improved shelters, reducing fatalities in major cyclones in comparison to historical events

Question 18

give 2 weaknesses of an ICZM approach

Answer 18

1. rapidly changing hazard profile, meaning it is hard to build correct defenses
2. very expensive operation