how were string instruments different in the classical era?
tuned a semitone lower, smaller with a shorter bow and neck, gut strings, drier and less powerful bright sound, less sustained but more precise
how were woodwind instruments different in the classical era?
finger holes and only a few keys, wooden, smaller dynamic range
how were brass instruments different in the classical era?
natural without valves, use of crooks to change key, lipping or handstopping used to access more notes, no trombones
how was percussion different in the classical era?
timpanis hand-tuned to tonic and dominant, played with hard sticks, less resonant