Passive movements

Question 1

What are passive movements? 2

Answer 1

1. Anatomical movements performed by the therapist for the patient
2. Movements produced by an external force during muscular inacitivty

Question 2

What are the types of passive movements? 2

Answer 2

1. Physiological passive movements
2. Accessory passive movements

Question 3

Describe physiological passive movements

Answer 3

Movements performed for the patients, which the patient would be able to perform if they had muscle activity

Question 4

Describe accessory passive movements

Answer 4

Movments performed for the patient that the patient would not be able to perform even if they had muscle acitivty (E.g. vertebral bone/ individual carpal/tarsal bone movement)

Question 5

What are the methods of passive movements?

Answer 5

1. Relaxed
2. Forced

Question 6

Describe relaxed passive movements

Answer 6

The limb/joint is moved within the available range of motion to maintain range of motion

Question 7

Describe forced passive movements

Answer 7

The limb or joint is moved beyond the available ROM to increase ROM

Question 8

What are the uses of passive movements? 10

Answer 8

1. To prevent contractures
2. To prevent soft tissue adhesions
3. To maintain join ROM
4. To improve joint ROM
5. To relieve pain
6. To move joints not under voluntary control
7. To demonstrate an active movement required by the patient
8. To maintain memory pattern of movement
9. To improve sensory-motor experience
10. To induce relaxtion

Question 9

True or false

Passive movments increase strength and circulation

Answer 9

False

Question 10

Explain the principles of passive movements 7

Answer 10

1. The patient must be relaxed and supported
2. Explain what you are going to do and why
3. The therapist should stand so that either gravity or body weight can be used to make the movement effective
4. The hand grip must be comfortable to the patient
5. The motion should be smoot and rhythmical and maintained at even tempo
6. The sequence of the movement should be decided
7. The limb must be well supported throughout the movement

Question 11

What precautions should be taken during passive movements? 3

Answer 11

1. No overzealous stretching, especially around the elbow- myositis ossifications
2. Myositis ossifications: do gentle movements within the painfree range
3. Pain medication and muscle relaxants: prevent patient from responding appropriately> Check if they take these

Question 12

What are the contraindications of passive movements? 2

Answer 12

1. Immediately following surgery to tendons, ligaments, muscles, joint capsules or skin
2. In the region of a dislocated joint or unhealed fracture

Question 13

Describe the progression from passive movements

Answer 13

1. Passive movements
2. Assisted movements
3. Active movements
4. Resisted movements