Patho > Patho Study Guide > Flashcards

Patho Study Guide Flashcards

(21 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

Problem with inflamed airways. Causes edema, increased mucus production, and difficulty exhaling.

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

A

g.) Chronic Bronchitis

Type B COPD

Problem with:

  • Problem with inflamed airways
    • Edema & mucus production
    • airway obstruction (especially during exhalation)
    • Mucus production problem

P/C Factors:

  • Smoking
  • Environment
  • Toxins
  • Decreased a-antitrypsin

S/S:

  • Blue boater
  • Hypoxic
  • Hypercapnea
  • Smoker’s cough
  • Wheezing
  • Crackling
  • Bloated
  • Edema r/t right HF (secondary to pulmonary problem)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

S/S include dilated lungs, use of accessory muscles for breathing, often thin because of no appetite, barrel chest, dyspnea, and orthopnea.

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

A

f.) Emphysema

Type A COPD

Problem with:

  • Problem with alveolar walls
    • enlarged air spaces
  • Decreases lung elasticity recoil
  • Air trapping
  • Difficulty exhaling

P/C Factors:

  • Smoking
  • Environment
  • Toxins
  • Decreased a-antitrypsin

S/S:

  • Pink puffer
  • Dilated lungs
  • Use of accessory muscles for breathing
  • Often thin because of no appetite
  • Barrel chest
  • Dyspnea
  • Orhopnea
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Blue boater.

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

A

g.) Chronic Bronchitis

Type B COPD

Problem with:

  • Problem with inflamed airways
    • Edema & mucus production
    • airway obstruction (especially during exhalation)
    • Mucus production problem

P/C Factors:

  • Smoking
  • Environment
  • Toxins
  • Decreased a-antitrypsin

S/S:

  • Blue boater
  • Hypoxic
  • Hypercapnea
  • Smoker’s cough
  • Wheezing
  • Crackling
  • Bloated
  • Edema r/t right HF (secondary to pulmonary problem)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

A

f.) Emphysema

Type A COPD

Problem with:

  • Problem with alveolar walls
    • enlarged air spaces
  • Decreases lung elasticity recoil
  • Air trapping
  • Difficulty exhaling

P/C Factors:

  • Smoking
  • Environment
  • Toxins
  • Decreased a-antitrypsin

S/S:

  • Pink puffer
  • Dilated lungs
  • Use of accessory muscles for breathing
  • Often thin because of no appetite
  • Barrel chest
  • Dyspnea
  • Orhopnea
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Problem with inflammation in the lungs caused by: a pathogen or by inhalation, irritating gases, filling of alveoli with exudate, and increased mucus production.

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

A

c.) Pneumonia

Problem with:

  • inflammation in the lungs caused by pathogen or by inhalation.
  • irritating gases.
  • filling of alveoli with exudate.
  • increased mucous production

P/C Factors:

  • impaired immunity & respiratory defenses.
  • Smoking
  • inhaling gases
  • exposure to viruses or bacteria

S/S:

  • Crackling
  • increased sputum
  • increased fever
  • increased WBC
  • increased mucous production
  • DECREASED O2 saturation
  • chest pain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

S/S include tracheal deviation in the direction of the collapsed lung and chest assymetry.

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

A

b.) Pneumothorax

Problem with:

  • Atelectasis (collapsed lung)
  • Problem with lung tissue (for some reason)

P/C Factors:

  • Trauma
  • Rupture of bleb (air bubble)
  • Bone fracture near lung

S/S:

  • Tracheal deviation
    • will deviate in the direction of collapsed lung
  • No lung sounds on collapsed side
  • Chest assymetry
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Problem with perfusion and blood flow caused by either a clot in the lungs and/or a clot in pulmonary circulation.

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

A

h.) Pulmonary Embolism

Problem with:

  • Problem with perfusion
  • Blood flow
    • Clot in lungs
    • Clot in pulmonary circulation

P/C Factors:

  • DVTs
  • BM fracture
  • Ruptured membrane during childbirth for mother

S/S:

  • Shortness of breath
  • Productive cough
  • Tachycardia
  • Pulmonary edema
  • BM fracture has to be a certain size to be a problem
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

S/S include hypoxia, hypercapnea, smoker’s cough, wheezing, crackling, bloated appearance, and edema r/t right heart failure.

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

A

g.) Chronic Bronchitis

Type B COPD

Problem with:

  • Problem with inflamed airways
    • Edema & mucus production
    • airway obstruction (especially during exhalation)
    • Mucus production problem

P/C Factors:

  • Smoking
  • Environment
  • Toxins
  • Decreased a-antitrypsin

S/S:

  • Blue boater
  • Hypoxic
  • Hypercapnea
  • Smoker’s cough
  • Wheezing
  • Crackling
  • Bloated
  • Edema r/t right HF (secondary to pulmonary problem)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

P/C factors include DVTs, BM fracture, or having a ruptured membrane from childbirth.

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

A

h.) Pulmonary Embolism

Problem with:

  • Problem with perfusion
  • Blood flow
    • Clot in lungs
    • Clot in pulmonary circulation

P/C Factors:

  • DVTs
  • BM fracture
  • Ruptured membrane during childbirth for mother

S/S:

  • Shortness of breath
  • Productive cough
  • Tachycardia
  • Pulmonary edema
  • BM fracture has to be a certain size to be a problem
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

P/C factors include trauma, rupture of blebs, and/or a bone fracture near the lung.

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

A

b.) Pneumothorax

Problem with:

  • Atelectasis (collapsed lung)
  • Problem with lung tissue (for some reason)

P/C Factors:

  • Trauma
  • Rupture of bleb (air bubble)
  • Bone fracture near lung

S/S:

  • Tracheal deviation
    • will deviate in the direction of collapsed lung
  • No lung sounds on collapsed side
  • Chest assymetry
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Problem with inflamed pleura.

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

A

a.) Pleuritis

Problem with → inflamed pleura

P/C Factors:

  • infection (lung)

S/S:

  • Pain when moving pleura (i.e., coughing and breathing).
  • Friction rub sound
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

A

d. ) Tuberculosis
infection: skin test = +, s/s = absent

Problem with:

  • infection w/ AFB
  • strictly aerobic, but has to have air from tubercle
  • organism makes a home and spreads

P/C Factors:

  • Travel outside of U.S.
  • exposure to bures M. tuberculosis

S/S:

  • Night sweats
  • Fever
  • Anorexia
  • Non-productive Cough
  • Chronic
  • increased WBCs
  • Weight loss
  • No s/s during latent phase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Problem is an allergic reaction and airway constriction.

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

A

e.) Asthma

2nd attack occurs much easier after 4-8 hours of 1st exposure

Problem with:

  • Allergic reaction
  • Airway constriction

P/C Factors:

  • Genetic + Trigger

S/S:

  • Harder to exhale
  • Wheezing
  • Mucous cough
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

S/S include crackling, increased sputum, increased fever, increased WBC, increased mucus production, decreased O2 saturation, and chest pain.

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

A

c.) Pneumonia

Problem with:

  • inflammation in the lungs caused by pathogen or by inhalation.
  • irritating gases.
  • filling of alveoli with exudate.
  • increased mucous production

P/C Factors:

  • impaired immunity & respiratory defenses.
  • Smoking
  • inhaling gases
  • exposure to viruses or bacteria

S/S:

  • Crackling
  • increased sputum
  • increased fever
  • increased WBC
  • increased mucous production
  • DECREASED O2 saturation
  • chest pain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Needs both a genetic predisposition and exposure to a trigger.

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

A

e.) Asthma

2nd attack occurs much easier after 4-8 hours of 1st exposure

Problem with:

  • Allergic reaction
  • Airway constriction

P/C Factors:

  • Genetic + Trigger

S/S:

  • Harder to exhale
  • Wheezing
  • Mucous cough
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

P/C factor is a lung infection.

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

Study These Flashcards
A

a.) Pleuritis

Problem with → inflamed pleura

P/C Factors:

  • infection (lung)

S/S:

  • Pain when moving pleura (i.e., coughing and breathing).
  • Friction rub sound
17
Q

S/S include pain when coughing and breathing and friction rub sound.

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

Study These Flashcards
A

a.) Pleuritis

Problem with → inflamed pleura

P/C Factors:

  • infection (lung)

S/S:

  • Pain when moving pleura (i.e., coughing and breathing).
  • Friction rub sound
18
Q

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

Study These Flashcards
A

d. ) Tuberculosis
infection: skin test = +, s/s = absent

Problem with:

  • infection w/ AFB
  • strictly aerobic, but has to have air from tubercle
  • organism makes a home and spreads

P/C Factors:

  • Travel outside of U.S.
  • exposure to bures M. tuberculosis

S/S:

  • Night sweats
  • Fever
  • Anorexia
  • Non-productive Cough
  • Chronic
  • increased WBCs
  • Weight loss
  • No s/s during latent phase
19
Q

Problem with atelectasis.

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

Study These Flashcards
A

b.) Pneumothorax

Problem with:

  • Atelectasis (collapsed lung)
  • Problem with lung tissue (for some reason)

P/C Factors:

  • Trauma
  • Rupture of bleb (air bubble)
  • Bone fracture near lung

S/S:

  • Tracheal deviation
    • will deviate in the direction of collapsed lung
  • No lung sounds on collapsed side
  • Chest assymetry
20
Q

Pink puffer.

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

Study These Flashcards
A

f.) Emphysema

Type A COPD

Problem with:

  • Problem with alveolar walls
    • enlarged air spaces
  • Decreases lung elasticity recoil
  • Air trapping
  • Difficulty exhaling

P/C Factors:

  • Smoking
  • Environment
  • Toxins
  • Decreased a-antitrypsin

S/S:

  • Pink puffer
  • Dilated lungs
  • Use of accessory muscles for breathing
  • Often thin because of no appetite
  • Barrel chest
  • Dyspnea
  • Orhopnea
21
Q

a. ) Pleuritis b.) Pneumothorax
c. ) Pneumonia d.) Tuberculosis
e. ) Asthma f.) Emphysema
g. ) Chronic Bronchitis h.) Pulmonary Embolism

Study These Flashcards
A

d. ) Tuberculosis
infection: skin test = +, s/s = absent

Problem with:

  • infection w/ AFB
  • strictly aerobic, but has to have air from tubercle
  • organism makes a home and spreads

P/C Factors:

  • Travel outside of U.S.
  • exposure to bures M. tuberculosis

S/S:

  • Night sweats
  • Fever
  • Anorexia
  • Non-productive Cough
  • Chronic
  • increased WBCs
  • Weight loss
  • No s/s during latent phase
Patho
flashcards
Decks in class (54)
# Cards
Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2026 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions