Patterns for resonance

Question 1

What are the five patterns for resonance?

Answer 1

1. Lone pair adjacent to double bond
2. Positve charge adjacent to a double bond
3. A double bond between two different electronegative atoms
4. Double bonds in a ring
5. Lone pair near positive charge

Question 2

What are the 3 rules for determining the significance of a resonance structure?

Answer 2

1. Minized Charged (Best ones is the ones with no charge or only one or two charges but never 3)
2. Electronegative atoms such as N, O, Cl can have a negative charge if they have an octet
3. Dont draw resonace structres where two carbons have opposite charges

Question 3

When dealing with acid & bases if a conjugate base has a negative charge on the same atoms the one that is __________ is more stable so more acidic

Answer 3

Resonance stabilized

Question 4

What are the factors that determine if an acid is more acidic or not?

Answer 4

1. Charge on the atom
2. Resonance
3. Induction
4. Oribitals

Question 5

____________ withdraws electron density (dipole moment) which helps stablizes the conjugate base

Answer 5

Induction