PE - levers & planes

Question 1

3 parts of lever

Answer 1

1. fulcrum
2. resistance
3. effort

Question 2

fulcrum - lever

Answer 2

pivot point / support

Question 3

load / resistance - lever

Answer 3

weight being moved

Question 4

effort - lever

Answer 4

force applied to move the resistance

Question 5

1st class lever

Answer 5

• F in between E and L
  eg. header in football
  F = joint
  E = muscle at the back of neck
  L = weight of head

Question 6

2nd class lever

Answer 6

• L in between F and E
  eg. calf raise
  L = weight of body
  F = ankle joint
  E = calf muscles

Question 7

3rd class lever

Answer 7

• E in between L and F
  eg. bicep girl
  E = bicep muscle
  L = weight held in hand
  F = elbow joint

Question 8

mechanical advantage - equation

Answer 8

effort arm / resistance arm

Question 9

mechanical advantage

Answer 9

• how much a lever amplifies the force applied
• higher advantage = easier task
  *high mechanical advantage => second class
  *low mechanical advantage => third class

Question 10

sagittal plane

Answer 10

• left or right halves
• forward / backward
  eg. flexion, extension
  eg. running, bicep curls, squats

Question 11

frontal plane

Answer 11

• front and back
• side to side
  eg. abduction and adduction
  eg. jumping jacks

Question 12

transverse plane

Answer 12

• top and bottom
• rotational
  eg. rotation
  eg. spinning in dance, twisting in shotput

Question 13

sagittal axis

Answer 13

• runs horizontally from front to back
• frontal plane
  eg. abduction, adduction

Question 14

frontal axis

Answer 14

• runs horizontally from side to side
• sagittal plane
  eg. flexion, extension

Question 15

longitudinal axis

Answer 15

• runs vertically top to bottom
• transverse plane
  eg. spinning, twisting

Question 16

plane - definition

Answer 16

an imaginary line that splits the body into 2 and depicts the direction of movement

Question 17

axis - definition

Answer 17

an imaginary line perpendicular to the plane