Phonics Concepts

Question 1

Synthetic Phonics Approach

Answer 1

Systematic approach where teachers introduce sound and spelling relationships in a clear, logical sequence, and explicit instruction is direct
Student learn to make letters and combinations of letters into sounds, then blend the sounds to make words
Decodable texts are used to apply the learned phonics rules

Question 2

Analogy Based Approach

Answer 2

Students learn to use a rime in a familiar word to read an unfamiliar word with the same rime
Blending the shared rime with the new onset allows students to decode unfamiliar words

Question 3

Analytic Phonics Approach

Answer 3

Instruction begins by identifying a familiar word, then a sound and spelling relationship within the familiar word is introduced

Question 4

Embedded Phonics Approach

Answer 4

This approach embeds instruction within authentic literacy experiences. This means that rules of phonics are introduces informally as students encounter them
Focuses on word solving skills

Question 5

Vowel Digraph

Answer 5

Two vowels that make a single vowel sound when together in a word, AKA vowel teams
ai, ay, au, ee, ea, ey, ie, ou, oi, oy

Question 6

Diphthongs

Answer 6

One vowel sound made by the combination of two vowel sounds; words require a glide between the two sounds
au, aw, oy, oi, ou, ow, oo

Question 7

R-Controlled Vowels

Answer 7

A vowel followed by the letter r when the vowel dictates how the vowel is pronounced
Vowel will not make its normal short or long vowel sound
ar, er, or, ir, ur

Question 8

Inflectional endings

Answer 8

A suffix added to a word that changes its grammatical function, but does not change its meaning
-ed, -er, -est, -ing, -s

Question 9

CCVC/CVCC

Answer 9

CCVC: trip, shut, chat
CVCC: desk, mesh, bent
Practice consonant blending
Identify unique digraph sounds at the beginning or end of words

Question 10

CVVC, Vowel digraphs/teams, vowel diphthongs

Answer 10

CVVC: rain, boat, seed
Vowel digraphs/teams: bread, chain, toe
Vowel diphthongs: boil, cow, out
Identify and isolate unique digraph and diphthong sounds

Question 11

Multisyllabic words

Answer 11

kitten, together, about, photosynthesis
Identify individual syllables and the type
Practice breaking words into unique syllables
Apply previously learned decoding skills and rules
Recognize morphemes

Question 12

Phonics support

Answer 12

Students do not associate the correct sound with letter or letter combination: word sorts, direct phonics instruction, chants and read alouds

Question 13

Decoding multisyllabic words

Answer 13

Students pronounce only part of a multisyllabic word correctly: teach syllabication and the 6 syllable types

Question 14

Decoding multisyllabic words with roots and affixes

Answer 14

Students leave off or mispronounce prefixes/suffixes: review morphology and proper pronunciation

Question 15

Closed Syllable

Answer 15

Syllable that has a short vowel sound, spelled with one vowel letter, and ends in one or more consonants
hot, help, ad-mit, bas-ket

Question 16

Open Syllable

Answer 16

Syllable spelled with a single vowel letter that ends in its long vowel sound
me, a-gent, ro-bot, re-act

Question 17

Vowel Team (digraphs/diphthongs)

Answer 17

Syllable with a long, short, or unique vowel sound that uses 2-4 letters to spell the vowel sound
south, taught, aw-ful, team-mate

Question 18

Final Stable

Answer 18

Syllable made with consonant+l+silent e
bu-gle, can-dle, cir-cle, tram-ple

Question 19

R-Controlled

Answer 19

Syllable with a vowel followed by the letter r; the r changes the way the vowel is pronounced
stir, gui-tar, mo-ther, or-ange

Question 20

Derivational Affix

Answer 20

alters the meaning or part of speech of a word

Question 21

Inflectional Affix

Answer 21

alters the form of a word; typically does not change the part of speech