Cardio Pulm > Pulmonary Anatomy > Flashcards

Pulmonary Anatomy Flashcards

(44 cards)

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1
Q

laryngopharynx

A

-opening of esophagus

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2
Q

nasopharynx

A

-above soft palate

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3
Q

visceral pleura

A
  • covers outer surface of lungs

- no sensory innervation

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4
Q

Lung Segments

Upper Lobe of L/R Lungs

A
  • Anterior
  • Apical
  • Posterior
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5
Q

Lobes of Lungs

A
  • Right: upper, middle, lower

- Left: upper, lingula, lower

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6
Q

Fissures

A
  • Right Lung: horizontal fissure, oblique fissure

- Left Lung: oblique fissure

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7
Q

Pectus Excavatum

A
  • funnel chest
  • depression of sternum
  • (can measure by pouring water into it)
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8
Q

Pectus Carinatum

A
  • pigeion breast

- prominent forward projection of sternum

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9
Q

Barrel chest

A
  • side to side diameter almost equal to front to back diameter
  • classic of emphysema
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10
Q

Oropharynx

A

-base of tongue

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11
Q

Most aspirations are into the ____ lung

A
  • Right

- primary bronchus on right is shorter, straighter and wider than left

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12
Q

Respiratory bronchioles

A

-beginning of gas exchange

17-19th generation

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13
Q

Alveolar Sac

A
  • major part of gas exchange
  • has surfactant

(23rd generation)

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14
Q

Terminal Bronchioles

A

-end of conducting airways

12-16th generation

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15
Q

Alveolar ducts

A

-gas exchange

19-22nd generation

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16
Q

Inhalation associated with:

A

trunk extension

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17
Q

Exhalation associated with:

A

trunk flexion

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18
Q

Surfactant

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A

-keeps alveoli open

19
Q

Pleura

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A
  • membranous serous sac around lungs
  • visceral and parietal layers
  • separated by thin serous fluid
20
Q

increased trunk flexion leads to

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A

-decreased inhalation=closed alveoli–>decreased air movement–>increased pneumonia risk

21
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

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A
  • CN XI

- elevate sternum during forced inspiration

22
Q

Parietal Pleura

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A
  • covers inner surface of chest wall and part of diaphragm and mediastinum
  • subdivided based on area covered
23
Q

External Intercostals

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A

-Ventral rami of T1-T12

24
Q

Internal Intercostals

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A

-Ventral rami of T1-T12

25
Serratus Anterior
- Long thoracic nerve | - C5-7, C8
26
7 Accessory Breathing Mm
- SCM - Scalenes - Serratus Ant - Pec major - Pec minor - trapezius - erector spinae
27
Scalenes
- elevate ribs | - C3-C5
28
Pectoralis Minor
- Med pectoral N - Elevate ribs with deep inspiration -C6-8
29
Lung Segments | Lower Lobe of Left Lung
- Anterior - Superior - Lateral - Posterior
30
Lung Segments | Lower Lobe of Right Lung
- Basal - Superior - Lateral - Posterior - Medial
31
Lung Sements | Middle Lobe of Right Lung
- Medial | - Lateral
32
Trapezius
- CN XI - ventral rami of C2-4 - Stabilize scap to let serratus ant and pec minor elevate ribs
33
Pectoralis Major
- Med and Lat pectoral Nn - Draws ribs toward arms to increase volume -C5-C8
34
Erector Spinae
-Deep inspiration, extends spine to elevate ribs Dorsal rami of T1-S3
35
Upper Airway
- Nose - Pharynx - Larynx
36
Lower Airway
- Trachea - Bronchi - Bronchioles - Terminal Bronchioles - Respiratory Bronchioles - Alveolar Ducts - Alveolar Sacs
37
Diaphragm
- Phrenic Nerve | - C3-5
38
Lung volume in supine
decreased due to shift of abdominal contents
39
Referred Pain: | Mediastinal and Central Diaphragmatic Pleura
-pn in lower neck and shoulder
40
4 Functions of Lungs
- Exchange O2 and CO2 - Help maintain acid-base balance - Contribute to temperature homeostasis - Filter & Metabolize Toxic Substances
41
Rererred Pain: | Costal and Peripheral Pleura
-pain in thoracic and abdominal areas
42
subdivisions of parietal pleurs
- costovertebral - diaphragmatic - cervical - mediastinal
43
Nn of Pleura
- Intercostal Nn=costal and peripheral diaphragmatic pleura | - Phrenic N: central diaphragmatic & mediastinal pleura
44
Larynx
- cartilage | - keep foods, liquids and foreign objects from airway
Cardio Pulm
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