Cardio Exam 2 > PVD1 > Flashcards

PVD1 Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

stage 0 Rutherford classification scheme for PAD

A
  • asymptomatic
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2
Q

stage 1 Rutherford classification scheme for PAD

A
  • mild claudication
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3
Q

stage 2 Rutherford classification scheme for PAD

A
  • moderate claudication
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4
Q

stage 3 Rutherford classification scheme for PAD

A
  • severe claudication
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5
Q

stage 4 Rutherford classification scheme for PAD

A
  • rest pain
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6
Q

stage 5 Rutherford classification scheme for PAD

A
  • minor tissue loss
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7
Q

stage 6 Rutherford classification scheme for PAD

A
  • severe tissue loss
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8
Q

PAD prevalence increases with

A
  • age
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9
Q

persons with PAD have a greater chance of

A
  • dying from CVD

- risk of mortality overall

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10
Q

big risk factors for vascular disease

A
  • cigarette smoking
  • diabetes
  • hypertension
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11
Q

PAD symptoms

A
  • claudication
  • rest pain
  • tissue loss/ulceration
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12
Q

rest pain and tissue loss/ulceration can lead to

A
  • critical limb ischemia
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13
Q

treatment of PAD

A
  • medical

- surgical

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14
Q

medical treatment of PAD

A
  • exercise

- risk factor modification

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15
Q

surgical treatment of PAD

A
  • bypass

- endovascular

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16
Q

medications for PAD

A
  • cilostazol with walking
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17
Q

definition of an aneurysm

A
  • 50% increase in diameter compared with expected normal diameter
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18
Q

protective factors for abdominal aortic aneurysm

A
  • female sex
  • black race
  • diabetes mellitus
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19
Q

biggest etiology of abdominal aortic aneurysms

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A
  • degenerative nonspecific atherosclerosis
20
Q

mycotic aneurysms due to

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A
  • secondary infection by staph, salmonella, strep
21
Q

inflammatory aneurysms

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A
  • dense periaortic fibrosis

- inflammation

22
Q

congenital syndromes for abdominal aortic aneurysms

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A
  • marfan syndrome

- type IV ehler’s danlos syndrome

23
Q

marfan syndrome due to which defect

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A
  • fibrillin-1 defect
24
Q

fibrillin 1 role

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A
  • main structural components in elastin-associated microfibrils
25
type IV Ehlers-danlos syndrome due to defect in
- type III procollagen
26
clinical presentation of AAA
- asymptomatic - distal emboli - abdominal or back pain - rupture
27
rupture symptoms of AAA
- pain - hypotension - pulsatile mass
28
at what size does the risk of AAA start
- 5.5 cm
29
LaPlace's law
- T=PxR tension = pressure x radius
30
AAA diagnosis
- physical exam - Xray - ultrasound - CT - rupture
31
small AAA treatment
- serial CT scans
32
large AAA treatment
- surgical repair
33
ruptured AAA treatment
- emergent repair
34
symptomatic AAA treatment
- surgical repair
35
types of surgical repair for AAA
- open repair | - endovascular repair
36
stroke is which number leading cause of death
- 3rd
37
biggest cause of stroke
- infarction
38
atherosclerotic plaques commonly occurs at
- bifurcations
39
atherosclerotic plaques typically thickest at
- bulb and extends 2 cm
40
atherosclerotic plaques occurs where in the carotid artery
- along lateral wall
41
pathophysiology of stroke secondary to carotid stenosis due to
- embolism of overlying thrombus - embolism of plaque fragments - low flow through post stenotic segment
42
carotid stenosis presentation
- asymptomatic - TIA - stroke
43
carotid stenos diagnosis
- carotid duplex - MRA - angiogram
44
carotid duplex process
- B mode imaging to evaluate for plaque
45
carotid duplex measures
- velocities in common carotid, internal carotid, and external carotid arteries
46
medical treatment of carotid stenosis
- aspirin | - clopidogrel
47
surgical treatment of carotid stenosis
- carotid endarterectomy | - carotid stenting
Cardio Exam 2
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