Sabs > RA > Flashcards

RA Flashcards

(72 cards)

Study These Flashcards
1
Q

What type of drug is Methotrexate?

A

Conventional DMARD

Methotrexate is commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Methotrexate?

A

↑ Adenosine → ↓ inflammation; ↓ cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6); suppresses T- & B-cell proliferation; inhibits AICAR transformylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the indications for Methotrexate?

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the common side effects (S/E) of Methotrexate?

A

Mouth ulcers, mucosal bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the contraindications (CI) for Methotrexate?

A

Blood dyscrasias, renal/hepatic disease, infections (herpes/varicella), pregnancy, elderly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with Methotrexate?

A

Hepatotoxicity, nephropathy, additive antifolate effects with TMP-SMX, mucosal ulceration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What type of drug is Chloroquine?

A

Antimalarial/DMARD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Chloroquine?

A

Unknown; immune modulator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the indications for Chloroquine?

A

Rheumatoid arthritis, lupus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the common side effects (S/E) of Chloroquine?

A

Ocular toxicity (retinopathy), QT prolongation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the contraindications (CI) for Chloroquine?

A

Caution in QT prolongation, requires ocular monitoring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with Chloroquine?

A

Risk of irreversible ocular damage, requires monitoring of FBC, liver and renal function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What type of drug is Leflunomide?

A

Conventional DMARD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Leflunomide?

A

Inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase → ↓ pyrimidine synthesis → ↓ DNA/RNA synthesis in immune cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the indications for Leflunomide?

A

Rheumatoid arthritis (not juvenile RA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the common side effects (S/E) of Leflunomide?

A

GI upset, stomatitis, ↑ liver enzymes, hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the contraindications (CI) for Leflunomide?

A

Pregnancy (male & female – 2-year washout), hypersensitivity, not for juvenile RA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with Leflunomide?

A

Hepatotoxicity (rare), SJS, agranulocytosis, anaphylaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What type of drug is Sulfasalazine?

A

Conventional DMARD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Sulfasalazine?

A

↓ RF, ↓ T-cell and B-cell activity, ↓ IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the indications for Sulfasalazine?

A

Rheumatoid arthritis, often in combination with MTX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the common side effects (S/E) of Sulfasalazine?

A

Nausea, hypersensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the contraindications (CI) for Sulfasalazine?

A

Sulfa allergy (implied), requires blood and organ function monitoring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with Sulfasalazine?

A

Hepatotoxicity, myelotoxicity, megaloblastic anaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What type of drug is Tofacitinib?
JAK Inhibitor (Targeted)
26
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Tofacitinib?
Inhibits JAK → suppresses cytokine signaling via STAT pathway
27
What are the indications for Tofacitinib?
RA, psoriatic arthritis, ulcerative colitis (esp. when DMARDs not tolerated)
28
What are the common side effects (S/E) of Tofacitinib?
↑ LDL, URTI, herpes superinfections
29
What are the contraindications (CI) for Tofacitinib?
Active TB/infections, pregnancy, lactation
30
What are the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with Tofacitinib?
DVT, pulmonary embolism, serious infections
31
What type of drug is Baricitinib?
JAK Inhibitor (Targeted)
32
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Baricitinib?
Same as tofacitinib: inhibits JAK/STAT pathway
33
What are the indications for Baricitinib?
Same as tofacitinib
34
What are the common side effects (S/E) of Baricitinib?
Same as tofacitinib
35
What are the contraindications (CI) for Baricitinib?
Same as tofacitinib
36
What are the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with Baricitinib?
Same as tofacitinib
37
What type of drug is Etanercept?
TNF-α inhibitor (Biologic)
38
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Etanercept?
Fusion protein that binds TNF-α → prevents receptor activation
39
What are the indications for Etanercept?
RA (used with MTX)
40
What are the common side effects (S/E) of Etanercept?
Injection site reactions, infections
41
What are the contraindications (CI) for Etanercept?
Active infections, demyelinating diseases
42
What are the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with Etanercept?
Demyelination, infections, injection site reactions
43
What type of drug is Infliximab?
TNF-α monoclonal Ab
44
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Infliximab?
Binds circulating and receptor-bound TNF-α
45
What are the indications for Infliximab?
RA, Crohn’s disease (used with MTX)
46
What are the common side effects (S/E) of Infliximab?
Infusion reactions
47
What are the contraindications (CI) for Infliximab?
Latent/active TB, infection
48
What are the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with Infliximab?
TB reactivation, histoplasmosis, infusion reactions
49
What type of drug is Adalimumab?
TNF-α monoclonal Ab
50
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Adalimumab?
Same as infliximab
51
What are the indications for Adalimumab?
RA (used with MTX)
52
What are the common side effects (S/E) of Adalimumab?
Fever, urticaria, hypotension, dyspnoea, infections
53
What are the contraindications (CI) for Adalimumab?
Same as other TNF-α inhibitors
54
What are the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with Adalimumab?
Infusion reactions, URTI, UTI
55
What type of drug is Golimumab?
TNF-α monoclonal Ab
56
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Golimumab?
Same as infliximab
57
What are the indications for Golimumab?
RA
58
What are the common side effects (S/E) of Golimumab?
Not separately listed
59
What are the contraindications (CI) for Golimumab?
Same as other TNF-α inhibitors
60
What are the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with Golimumab?
Same as other TNF-α inhibitors
61
What type of drug is Rituximab?
Anti-CD20 monoclonal Ab
62
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Rituximab?
Binds CD20 → B-cell depletion via ADCC, CDC, apoptosis
63
What are the indications for Rituximab?
RA, B-cell lymphomas
64
What are the common side effects (S/E) of Rituximab?
Severe infusion reactions
65
What are the contraindications (CI) for Rituximab?
Hepatitis B (risk of reactivation)
66
What are the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with Rituximab?
Infusion reactions, reactivation of hepatitis B, requires premedication (e.g., antihistamines)
67
What type of drug is Tocilizumab?
IL-6 receptor blocker
68
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Tocilizumab?
Monoclonal antibody that blocks IL-6 receptor
69
What are the indications for Tocilizumab?
RA, Juvenile RA (>2 yrs)
70
What are the common side effects (S/E) of Tocilizumab?
↑ LDL/cholesterol, infections, neutropenia
71
What are the contraindications (CI) for Tocilizumab?
Active infections, low neutrophils or platelets
72
What are the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with Tocilizumab?
Infusion-related reactions, ↑ infection risk, ↓ neutrophils and platelets
Sabs
flashcards
Decks in class (31)
# Cards
Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2026 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions